## TITLE('Biochemistry: Michaelis-Menten Kinetics True/False')
## DESCRIPTION
## Evaluate true or false statements about Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics, including assumptions about steady state, substrate concentration, and reaction rate.
## ENDDESCRIPTION
## KEYWORDS('Michaelis-Menten kinetics','enzyme kinetics','steady state','multiple choice')
## DBsubject('Biochemistry')
## DBchapter('')
## DBsection('')
## Date('2026-07-12')
## Author('Neil R. Voss')
## Institution('Roosevelt University')
DOCUMENT();
loadMacros(
"PGstandard.pl",
"PGML.pl",
"PGchoicemacros.pl",
"parserRadioButtons.pl",
"PGcourse.pl",
);
TEXT(beginproblem());
$showPartialCorrectAnswers = 1;
#==========================================================
# AUTO-GENERATED GROUPS FROM YAML
#==========================================================
@true_groups = (
[
'The reaction rate is proportional to the substrate concentration.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics assumes the enzyme has a single active site.',
'M-M kinetics does NOT apply to allosteric enzymes.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics was developed by German biochemist Leonor Michaelis and Canadian physician Maud Menten in 1913.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics assumes a quasi-steady state, that the enzyme-substrate complex [ES] is constant.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the change in concentration of enzyme-substrate complex [ES] does NOT change.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the concentration of enzyme-substrate complex [ES] is constant.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the rate of breaking the enzyme-substrate complex [ES] is equal to the rate of its formation.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics assumes that the enzyme bound to the product [EP] is short lived and does NOT contribute to the reaction rate.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the enzyme-product complex [EP] is short lived and does NOT contribute to the reaction rate.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics assumes that there is no product available and there is no measureable reverse reaction rate.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the product is NOT available and there is no measureable reverse reaction rate.',
],
[
'When the substrate concentration, [S], is much larger than KM, the reaction rate is constant.',
'When the substrate concentration, [S], is much smaller than KM, the reaction rate is linear.',
],
);
@false_groups = (
[
'The reaction rate is proportional to the product concentration.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics was developed by American linguist Laura Michaelis and Belgian cyclist Milan Menten in 1913.',
'M-M kinetics was developed by Greek economist Leo Michelis and Dutch bobsledder Hubert Menten in 1913.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics assumes that the enzyme-product complex [EP] is constant.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the change in concentration of enzyme-product complex [EP] does NOT change.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the concentration of enzyme-product complex [EP] is constant.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the rate of breaking the enzyme-product complex [EP] is equal to the rate of its formation.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics assumes that the enzyme bound to the substrate [ES] is short lived and does NOT contribute to the reaction rate.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the enzyme-substrate complex [ES] is short lived and does NOT contribute to the reaction rate.',
],
[
'M-M kinetics assumes that there is no substrate available and there is no measureable reverse reaction rate.',
'M-M kinetics assumes that the substrate is NOT available and there is no measureable reverse reaction rate.',
],
[
'When the substrate concentration, [S], is much larger than KM, the reaction rate is linear.',
'When the substrate concentration, [S], is much smaller than KM, the reaction rate is constant.',
],
);
#==========================================================
# GLOBAL SETTINGS
#==========================================================
$topic = 'Michaelis-Menten kinetics';
my $local_random = PGrandom->new();
$local_random->srand($problemSeed);
my @mode_choices = ("TRUE", "FALSE");
$mode = $mode_choices[$local_random->random(0, $#mode_choices, 1)];
$num_distractors = 4;
#==========================================================
# SELECT GROUP
#==========================================================
my (@selected_group, @opposite_groups);
if ($mode eq "TRUE") {
$group_index = $local_random->random(0, scalar(@true_groups)-1, 1);
@selected_group = @{ $true_groups[$group_index] };
@opposite_groups = @false_groups;
} else {
$group_index = $local_random->random(0, scalar(@false_groups)-1, 1);
@selected_group = @{ $false_groups[$group_index] };
@opposite_groups = @true_groups;
}
#==========================================================
# PICK CORRECT + DISTRACTORS
#==========================================================
my $correct_index = $local_random->random(0, $#selected_group, 1);
$correct = $selected_group[$correct_index];
my @available_group_indices = (0 .. $#opposite_groups);
my @selected_distractor_indices = ();
while (@selected_distractor_indices < $num_distractors && @available_group_indices > 0) {
my $random_index = $local_random->random(0, scalar(@available_group_indices)-1, 1);
push @selected_distractor_indices, splice(@available_group_indices, $random_index, 1);
}
@distractors = ();
foreach my $group_idx (@selected_distractor_indices) {
my @group = @{ $opposite_groups[$group_idx] };
my $distractor_index = $local_random->random(0, $#group, 1);
my $distractor = $group[$distractor_index];
push @distractors, $distractor;
}
@choices = ($correct, @distractors);
#==========================================================
# SHUFFLE CHOICES (SEED-STABLE)
#==========================================================
my @choice_indices = (0 .. $#choices);
my @choice_shuffled = ();
while (@choice_indices) {
my $pick = $local_random->random(0, $#choice_indices, 1);
push @choice_shuffled, splice(@choice_indices, $pick, 1);
}
@choices = @choices[@choice_shuffled];
#==========================================================
# RADIO BUTTONS WITH A/B/C/D/E LABELS
#==========================================================
$rb = RadioButtons(
[@choices],
$correct,
labels => ['A','B','C','D','E'],
displayLabels => 1,
randomize => 0,
separator => '',
);
#==========================================================
# PGML
#==========================================================
BEGIN_PGML
[@ $mode eq "TRUE" ? "Which one of the following statements is TRUE about $topic?" : "Which one of the following statements is FALSE about $topic?" @]*
[_]{$rb}
END_PGML
ENDDOCUMENT();