MC

f2ae_ccb8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  7.467

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 7.47 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 7.47 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct MC

5f15_77e4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  6.044

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.04 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.04 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

311c_19f1

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 95² 0.003
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 19² 0.335
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 41² 0.072
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 5² 1.000
(sum) χ² =  1.410

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.41 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.41 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

5721_412b

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 80 (80-90)²⁄ 80 1.250
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 27 (27-30)²⁄ 27 0.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 41 2.951
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 12 0.333
(sum) χ² =  4.868

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.87 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.87 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

41a1_8efa

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 86 (86-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  10.778

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 10.78 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 10.78 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

1b48_44d4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 77 (77-90)²⁄ 90 1.878
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 19 (19-10)²⁄ 10 8.100
(sum) χ² =  21.511

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 21.51 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 21.51 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

cd4b_b649

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  9.844

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 9.84 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 9.84 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

4f0c_f783

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 96 0.375
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 22 2.909
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 35 0.714
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 7 1.286
(sum) χ² =  5.284

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 5.28 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 5.28 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

bf67_14b2

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 87² 0.001
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)²⁄ 20² 0.250
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)²⁄ 45² 0.111
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 8² 0.062
(sum) χ² =  0.425

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.42 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.42 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

2873_7d60

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 36 (36-30)²⁄ 30 1.200
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  5.333

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 5.33 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 5.33 is less than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

7744_4730

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 100 (100-90)²⁄ 100² 0.010
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 21² 0.184
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 32 (32-30)²⁄ 32² 0.004
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 7² 0.184
(sum) χ² =  0.381

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.38 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.38 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

f9e4_6003

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 103 (103-90)²⁄ 90² 0.021
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30² 0.134
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30² 0.018
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 4 (4-10)²⁄ 10² 0.360
(sum) χ² =  0.533

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.53 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.53 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

420e_18aa

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 68 (68-40)²⁄ 40 19.600
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 42 (42-40)²⁄ 40 0.100
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 26 (26-40)²⁄ 40 4.900
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 24 (24-40)²⁄ 40 6.400
(sum) χ² =  31.000

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 31.00 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 31.00 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct MC

7e23_eca8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  12.133

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.13 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.13 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

c786_7d60

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90² 0.002
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30² 0.071
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30² 0.090
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10² 0.250
(sum) χ² =  0.413

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.41 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.41 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

f992_7153

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 30 1.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  3.044

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 3.04 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 3.04 is less than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

a8d6_2724

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)⁄ 90 -0.089
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)⁄ 30 -0.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 46 (46-30)⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)⁄ 10 -0.400
(sum) χ² =  -0.089

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of -0.09 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of -0.09 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct MC

d0ff_b848

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 24 (24-30)²⁄ 30 1.200
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  4.933

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.93 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.93 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

1907_7177

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 100 (100-90)²⁄ 90² 0.012
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 14 (14-30)²⁄ 30² 0.284
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30² 0.090
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10² 0.090
(sum) χ² =  0.477

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.48 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.48 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

8d72_c270

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 94² 0.002
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 17² 0.585
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 42² 0.082
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 7² 0.184
(sum) χ² =  0.852

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.85 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.85 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

2d49_84a0

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 65 (65-40)²⁄ 40 15.625
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 41 (41-40)²⁄ 40 0.025
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 28 (28-40)²⁄ 40 3.600
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 26 (26-40)²⁄ 40 4.900
(sum) χ² =  24.150

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 24.15 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 24.15 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

14e9_3710

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 93 (93-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  9.333

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 9.33 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 9.33 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

b186_d75c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 90 0.711
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  11.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 11.31 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 11.31 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

3c60_5536

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  3.733

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 3.73 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 3.73 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

2c7d_f5b2

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 83 (83-90)²⁄ 90 0.544
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  12.711

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.71 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.71 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

b405_3a1e

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 78 (78-90)²⁄ 90 1.600
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 53 (53-30)²⁄ 30 17.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  25.267

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 25.27 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 25.27 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

a6fe_3710

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 14 (14-30)²⁄ 30 8.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  12.444

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.44 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.44 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

4859_84a0

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 86 (86-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 27 (27-30)²⁄ 30 0.300
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  1.711

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.71 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.71 is less than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

c70e_18aa

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  15.911

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 15.91 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 15.91 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

7081_7799

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 84 (84-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  6.133

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.13 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.13 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

5692_75ec

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 32 (32-30)²⁄ 30 0.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 17 (17-10)²⁄ 10 4.900
(sum) χ² =  10.844

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 10.84 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 10.84 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

a285_eca8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 83 (83-90)²⁄ 90 0.544
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 48 (48-30)²⁄ 30 10.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  14.378

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 14.38 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 14.38 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

b750_19f1

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 107 (107-90)²⁄ 90 3.211
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 28 (28-30)²⁄ 30 0.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  9.044

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 9.04 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 9.04 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

69a8_5dcb

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 86 (86-90)²⁄ 86 0.186
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 24 (24-30)²⁄ 24 1.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 35 0.714
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 15 (15-10)²⁄ 15 1.667
(sum) χ² =  4.067

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.07 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.07 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

7575_4730

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 56 (56-40)²⁄ 40 6.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 40 (40-40)²⁄ 40 0.000
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 41 (41-40)²⁄ 40 0.025
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 23 (23-40)²⁄ 40 7.225
(sum) χ² =  13.650

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 13.65 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 13.65 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct MC

22c6_2714

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 69 (69-40)²⁄ 40 21.025
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 43 (43-40)²⁄ 40 0.225
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 27 (27-40)²⁄ 40 4.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 21 (21-40)²⁄ 40 9.025
(sum) χ² =  34.500

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 34.50 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 34.50 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

68e9_688f

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 68 (68-40)²⁄ 40 19.600
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 43 (43-40)²⁄ 40 0.225
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 26 (26-40)²⁄ 40 4.900
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 23 (23-40)²⁄ 40 7.225
(sum) χ² =  31.950

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 31.95 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 31.95 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

15bd_31c8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 24 (24-30)²⁄ 30 1.200
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  5.733

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 5.73 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 5.73 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

a952_0492

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  6.400

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.40 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.40 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

7792_d87e

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 28 (28-30)²⁄ 30 0.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  4.267

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.27 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.27 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

7d6d_b848

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 46 (46-30)²⁄ 30 8.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  16.533

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 16.53 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 16.53 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

7345_84a0

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  13.111

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 13.11 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 13.11 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct MC

9c06_1568

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 86 (86-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  15.111

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 15.11 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 15.11 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

974e_53b8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 12 (12-30)²⁄ 30 10.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  15.378

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 15.38 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 15.38 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

19a6_6c22

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 51 (51-30)²⁄ 30 14.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  23.200

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 23.20 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 23.20 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

8ec3_412b

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 100 (100-90)²⁄ 90 1.111
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 13 (13-30)²⁄ 30 9.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  12.178

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.18 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.18 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

0942_9dc7

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)⁄ 90 0.044
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)⁄ 30 -0.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)⁄ 30 0.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)⁄ 10 0.200
(sum) χ² =  0.044

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.04 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.04 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

80b8_58c4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 83 (83-90)²⁄ 90 0.544
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 25 (25-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  4.978

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.98 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.98 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

f839_d9e5

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 99 0.818
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 19 6.368
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 27 (27-30)²⁄ 27 0.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 15 (15-10)²⁄ 15 1.667
(sum) χ² =  9.187

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 9.19 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 9.19 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

f2fc_53b8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  8.711

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 8.71 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 8.71 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

e62f_8e9a

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)⁄ 90 -0.033
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)⁄ 30 -0.400
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 47 (47-30)⁄ 30 0.567
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)⁄ 10 -0.200
(sum) χ² =  -0.067

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of -0.07 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of -0.07 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

aba0_fc2e

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  10.244

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 10.24 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 10.24 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

a4e5_0044

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 60 (60-40)²⁄ 40 10.000
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 43 (43-40)²⁄ 40 0.225
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 34 (34-40)²⁄ 40 0.900
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 23 (23-40)²⁄ 40 7.225
(sum) χ² =  18.350

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 18.35 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 18.35 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

94c8_3e8c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)⁄ 90 0.056
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 24 (24-30)⁄ 30 -0.200
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)⁄ 30 0.167
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)⁄ 10 -0.400
(sum) χ² =  -0.378

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of -0.38 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of -0.38 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

e58f_df92

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 90² 0.010
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30² 0.134
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30² 0.018
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10² 0.040
(sum) χ² =  0.202

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.20 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.20 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

5757_f783

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 80 (80-90)²⁄ 90 1.111
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 16 (16-10)²⁄ 10 3.600
(sum) χ² =  11.644

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 11.64 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 11.64 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

056c_b8a5

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 86 (86-90)²⁄ 86² 0.002
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 23² 0.093
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 38² 0.044
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 13² 0.053
(sum) χ² =  0.192

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.19 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.19 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

565c_9336

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 19 (19-10)²⁄ 10 8.100
(sum) χ² =  15.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 15.31 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 15.31 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

98d7_b0a8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  11.333

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 11.33 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 11.33 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

c23a_18aa

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 31 (31-30)²⁄ 30 0.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  3.244

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 3.24 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 3.24 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

a3a9_aa4b

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  10.267

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 10.27 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 10.27 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

7e23_19f1

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  12.133

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.13 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.13 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

b67e_b649

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 97 (97-90)⁄ 90 0.078
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)⁄ 30 -0.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)⁄ 30 0.167
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)⁄ 10 -0.200
(sum) χ² =  -0.289

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of -0.29 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of -0.29 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

bd14_58c4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 83 (83-90)²⁄ 90 0.544
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 29 (29-30)²⁄ 30 0.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  5.511

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 5.51 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 5.51 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

6bee_f783

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 97 (97-90)²⁄ 90 0.544
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  14.444

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 14.44 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 14.44 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

12b9_d9e5

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 90² 0.008
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30² 0.134
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30² 0.160
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 17 (17-10)²⁄ 10² 0.490
(sum) χ² =  0.792

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.79 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.79 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

9ab4_2de7

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 93 (93-90)²⁄ 93² 0.001
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 16² 0.766
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 37 (37-30)²⁄ 37² 0.036
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 14² 0.082
(sum) χ² =  0.884

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.88 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.88 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

410f_ba51

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)⁄ 90 -0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)⁄ 30 -0.267
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 50 (50-30)⁄ 30 0.667
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)⁄ 10 -0.300
(sum) χ² =  -0.000

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of -0.00 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of -0.00 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct MC

4126_c294

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)²⁄ 81 1.000
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 30 (30-30)²⁄ 30 0.000
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 35 0.714
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 14 1.143
(sum) χ² =  2.857

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 2.86 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 2.86 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

7975_0275

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 87 0.103
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 21 3.857
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 39 2.077
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 13 0.692
(sum) χ² =  6.730

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.73 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.73 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

a529_0492

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 25 (25-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  6.933

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.93 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.93 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct MC

7bc2_b91c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 13 (13-30)²⁄ 30 9.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  14.267

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 14.27 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 14.27 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

b3c8_cfb4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 84 (84-90)²⁄ 90² 0.004
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30² 0.160
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 46 (46-30)²⁄ 30² 0.284
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10² 0.040
(sum) χ² =  0.489

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.49 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.49 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

abda_082c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 94² 0.002
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 21² 0.184
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 37 (37-30)²⁄ 37² 0.036
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 8² 0.062
(sum) χ² =  0.284

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.28 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.28 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

d6a1_9dc7

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 69 (69-40)²⁄ 40 21.025
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 45 (45-40)²⁄ 40 0.625
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 25 (25-40)²⁄ 40 5.625
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 21 (21-40)²⁄ 40 9.025
(sum) χ² =  36.300

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 36.30 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 36.30 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

3962_5dcb

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 79 (79-90)⁄ 90 -0.122
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 28 (28-30)⁄ 30 -0.067
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)⁄ 30 0.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)⁄ 10 0.300
(sum) χ² =  0.444

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.44 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.44 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

10b0_d9e5

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)⁄ 90 0.056
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 31 (31-30)⁄ 30 0.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 28 (28-30)⁄ 30 -0.067
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)⁄ 10 -0.400
(sum) χ² =  -0.378

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of -0.38 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of -0.38 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

4808_13ad

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  9.067

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 9.07 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 9.07 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

a394_2714

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 93 (93-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  12.667

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.67 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.67 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

3cf1_0bb0

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 86 (86-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 51 (51-30)²⁄ 30 14.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  22.111

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 22.11 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 22.11 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

af2f_ccb8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 97 (97-90)²⁄ 97² 0.005
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 16² 0.766
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 41² 0.072
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 6² 0.444
(sum) χ² =  1.287

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.29 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.29 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

c987_96e4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 86 (86-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  11.911

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 11.91 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 11.91 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

dd71_3a6a

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 82² 0.010
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 21² 0.184
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 41² 0.072
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 16 (16-10)²⁄ 16² 0.141
(sum) χ² =  0.406

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.41 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.41 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

f40c_9559

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 105 (105-90)²⁄ 105 2.143
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 16 12.250
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 37 (37-30)²⁄ 37 1.324
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 2 (2-10)²⁄ 2 32.000
(sum) χ² =  47.717

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 47.72 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 47.72 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

bbe2_44d4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 82² 0.010
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 18² 0.444
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 52 (52-30)²⁄ 52² 0.179
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 8² 0.062
(sum) χ² =  0.695

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.69 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.69 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

a7d0_18aa

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 62 (62-40)²⁄ 40 12.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 47 (47-40)²⁄ 40 1.225
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 28 (28-40)²⁄ 40 3.600
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 23 (23-40)²⁄ 40 7.225
(sum) χ² =  24.150

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 24.15 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 24.15 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct MC

68da_d5e6

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90² 0.002
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30² 0.090
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 30² 0.071
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10² 0.090
(sum) χ² =  0.253

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.25 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.25 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

c68d_dca8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  8.800

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 8.80 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 8.80 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

76d5_b91c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 65 (65-40)²⁄ 40 15.625
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 38 (38-40)²⁄ 40 0.100
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 33 (33-40)²⁄ 40 1.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 24 (24-40)²⁄ 40 6.400
(sum) χ² =  23.350

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 23.35 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 23.35 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

b11f_1a62

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 64 (64-40)²⁄ 40 14.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 47 (47-40)²⁄ 40 1.225
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 27 (27-40)²⁄ 40 4.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 22 (22-40)²⁄ 40 8.100
(sum) χ² =  27.950

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 27.95 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 27.95 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

00a5_ba51

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 104 (104-90)²⁄ 90 2.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 28 (28-30)²⁄ 30 0.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  5.911

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 5.91 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 5.91 is less than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

545f_efe6

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 93 (93-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 30 1.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 37 (37-30)²⁄ 30 1.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  4.267

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.27 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.27 is less than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

518f_d88b

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 84 (84-90)²⁄ 90² 0.004
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30² 0.090
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 30² 0.071
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 17 (17-10)²⁄ 10² 0.490
(sum) χ² =  0.656

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.66 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.66 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

aae1_9dc7

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 65 (65-40)²⁄ 40 15.625
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 39 (39-40)²⁄ 40 0.025
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 33 (33-40)²⁄ 40 1.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 23 (23-40)²⁄ 40 7.225
(sum) χ² =  24.100

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 24.10 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 24.10 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

6b0f_688f

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  15.844

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 15.84 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 15.84 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

1ee0_fc2e

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  3.467

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 3.47 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 3.47 is less than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

4ec0_8136

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 29 (29-30)²⁄ 30 0.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 33 (33-30)²⁄ 30 0.300
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 4 (4-10)²⁄ 10 3.600
(sum) χ² =  4.111

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.11 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.11 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

dbe5_61c4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 51 (51-30)²⁄ 30 14.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  19.200

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 19.20 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 19.20 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

dba8_b0a8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 78 (78-90)²⁄ 90 1.600
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 49 (49-30)²⁄ 30 12.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  16.733

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 16.73 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 16.73 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

95d4_44bb

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 98 (98-90)²⁄ 90 0.711
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 24 (24-30)²⁄ 30 1.200
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 30 (30-30)²⁄ 30 0.000
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  2.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 2.31 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 2.31 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

13e8_ccb8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 15 (15-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  6.067

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.07 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.07 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct MC

1842_96e4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 37 (37-30)²⁄ 30 1.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  10.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 10.31 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 10.31 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

1601_d884

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 32 (32-30)²⁄ 30 0.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  10.133

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 10.13 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 10.13 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

6d5e_688f

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 96² 0.004
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 16² 0.766
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 36 (36-30)²⁄ 36² 0.028
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 12² 0.028
(sum) χ² =  0.825

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.82 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.82 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

3220_a2df

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 63 (63-40)²⁄ 40 13.225
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 52 (52-40)²⁄ 40 3.600
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 23 (23-40)²⁄ 40 7.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 22 (22-40)²⁄ 40 8.100
(sum) χ² =  32.150

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 32.15 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 32.15 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct MC

a016_d87e

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 102 (102-90)²⁄ 90² 0.018
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 13 (13-30)²⁄ 30² 0.321
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 30² 0.134
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 4 (4-10)²⁄ 10² 0.360
(sum) χ² =  0.833

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.83 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.83 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

5ea8_c005

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 78 (78-90)²⁄ 90² 0.018
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 28 (28-30)²⁄ 30² 0.004
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 30² 0.028
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 19 (19-10)²⁄ 10² 0.810
(sum) χ² =  0.860

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.86 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.86 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

8286_412b

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 69 (69-40)²⁄ 40 21.025
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 35 (35-40)²⁄ 40 0.625
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 33 (33-40)²⁄ 40 1.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 23 (23-40)²⁄ 40 7.225
(sum) χ² =  30.100

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 30.10 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 30.10 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

e44c_5536

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 66 (66-40)²⁄ 40 16.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 42 (42-40)²⁄ 40 0.100
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 28 (28-40)²⁄ 40 3.600
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 24 (24-40)²⁄ 40 6.400
(sum) χ² =  27.000

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 27.00 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 27.00 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

0b5e_b91c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  13.267

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 13.27 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 13.27 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

280e_9614

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 79 (79-90)²⁄ 90 1.344
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 51 (51-30)²⁄ 30 14.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  21.244

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 21.24 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 21.24 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

e2e6_ba51

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 93 (93-90)²⁄ 90² 0.001
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30² 0.188
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 30² 0.188
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10² 0.090
(sum) χ² =  0.467

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.47 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.47 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

066d_b698

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 90 0.711
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 30 1.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  8.378

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 8.38 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 8.38 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

7ecc_53b8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 24 (24-30)²⁄ 30 1.200
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  7.800

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 7.80 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 7.80 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

9fe9_431c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 67 (67-40)²⁄ 40 18.225
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 48 (48-40)²⁄ 40 1.600
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 23 (23-40)²⁄ 40 7.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 22 (22-40)²⁄ 40 8.100
(sum) χ² =  35.150

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 35.15 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 35.15 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

0671_3a6a

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 102 (102-90)²⁄ 90 1.600
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 32 (32-30)²⁄ 30 0.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  6.933

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.93 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.93 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct MC

a2d2_8e63

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 27 (27-30)²⁄ 30 0.300
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 29 (29-30)²⁄ 30 0.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  1.133

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.13 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.13 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

0db6_df92

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90² 0.003
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 30² 0.054
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30² 0.018
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10² 0.040
(sum) χ² =  0.115

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.12 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.12 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

cfcd_7799

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 87² 0.001
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 22² 0.132
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 44² 0.101
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 7² 0.184
(sum) χ² =  0.418

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.42 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.42 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

beed_8efa

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 100 (100-90)²⁄ 90 1.111
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  12.911

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.91 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.91 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

401d_dcae

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 94 0.170
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 21 3.857
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 38 1.684
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 7 1.286
(sum) χ² =  6.997

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 7.00 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 7.00 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

2ad0_71e7

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  12.000

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.00 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.00 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

db9d_688f

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 99² 0.008
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 19² 0.335
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 30 (30-30)²⁄ 30² 0.000
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 12² 0.028
(sum) χ² =  0.371

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.37 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.37 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

4fc3_df92

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 96² 0.004
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 13 (13-30)²⁄ 13² 1.710
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 43² 0.091
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 8² 0.062
(sum) χ² =  1.868

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.87 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.87 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

430d_7714

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90² 0.003
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30² 0.160
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 30² 0.028
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10² 0.040
(sum) χ² =  0.231

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.23 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.23 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

a5b9_dca8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 61 (61-40)²⁄ 40 11.025
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 45 (45-40)²⁄ 40 0.625
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 28 (28-40)²⁄ 40 3.600
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 26 (26-40)²⁄ 40 4.900
(sum) χ² =  20.150

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 20.15 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 20.15 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

5ed1_13ad

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 86 (86-90)²⁄ 86 0.186
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 17 9.941
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)²⁄ 45 5.000
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 12 0.333
(sum) χ² =  15.461

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 15.46 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 15.46 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

0373_3a1e

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  1.867

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.87 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.87 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

a8aa_6c22

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 83 (83-90)²⁄ 90 0.544
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 15 (15-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  12.711

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.71 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.71 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

3d29_2200

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 96² 0.004
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 18² 0.444
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 40² 0.062
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 6² 0.444
(sum) χ² =  0.955

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.95 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.95 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

7ebc_1a62

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 30 1.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  6.933

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.93 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.93 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

e512_7c70

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90² 0.002
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30² 0.160
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30² 0.160
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10² 0.160
(sum) χ² =  0.482

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.48 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.48 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

ca9b_3547

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)²⁄ 90² 0.010
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 30² 0.054
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 30² 0.188
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10² 0.090
(sum) χ² =  0.342

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.34 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.34 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

1247_85f4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 84 (84-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 13 (13-30)²⁄ 30 9.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 47 (47-30)²⁄ 30 9.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 16 (16-10)²⁄ 10 3.600
(sum) χ² =  23.267

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 23.27 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 23.27 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

db33_3a1e

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  10.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 10.31 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 10.31 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

2a13_8e9a

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 95 0.263
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 28 (28-30)²⁄ 28 0.143
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 32 (32-30)²⁄ 32 0.125
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 5 5.000
(sum) χ² =  5.531

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 5.53 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 5.53 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

0aa4_2724

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 101 (101-90)²⁄ 90² 0.015
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 24 (24-30)²⁄ 30² 0.040
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 30 (30-30)²⁄ 30² 0.000
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10² 0.250
(sum) χ² =  0.305

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.30 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.30 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

6edb_c294

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 99 (99-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 31 (31-30)²⁄ 30 0.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  6.133

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.13 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.13 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

c786_7a61

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 12 (12-30)²⁄ 30 10.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 46 (46-30)²⁄ 30 8.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  19.911

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 19.91 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 19.91 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

6826_0275

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 62 (62-40)²⁄ 40 12.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 47 (47-40)²⁄ 40 1.225
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 29 (29-40)²⁄ 40 3.025
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 22 (22-40)²⁄ 40 8.100
(sum) χ² =  24.450

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 24.45 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 24.45 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

84bb_b649

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 102 (102-90)²⁄ 102² 0.014
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 19² 0.335
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 33 (33-30)²⁄ 33² 0.008
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 6² 0.444
(sum) χ² =  0.802

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.80 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.80 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

d08b_8efa

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 78 (78-90)²⁄ 78 1.846
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 25 (25-30)²⁄ 25 1.000
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 43 3.930
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 14 1.143
(sum) χ² =  7.919

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 7.92 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 7.92 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

5801_c33a

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 65 (65-40)²⁄ 40 15.625
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 47 (47-40)²⁄ 40 1.225
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 27 (27-40)²⁄ 40 4.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 21 (21-40)²⁄ 40 9.025
(sum) χ² =  30.100

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 30.10 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 30.10 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct MC

a822_f087

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)⁄ 90 0.056
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)⁄ 30 -0.300
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 37 (37-30)⁄ 30 0.233
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)⁄ 10 -0.300
(sum) χ² =  -0.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of -0.31 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of -0.31 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

da0f_f43e

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)⁄ 90 0.044
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)⁄ 30 -0.300
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)⁄ 30 0.300
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)⁄ 10 -0.400
(sum) χ² =  -0.356

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of -0.36 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of -0.36 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct MC

77aa_7153

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 95² 0.003
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 18² 0.444
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 41² 0.072
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 6² 0.444
(sum) χ² =  0.964

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.96 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.96 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

a764_53c5

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 47 (47-30)²⁄ 30 9.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  13.644

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 13.64 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 13.64 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

74a5_6003

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 80 (80-90)²⁄ 90 1.111
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 55 (55-30)²⁄ 30 20.833
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  27.644

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 27.64 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 27.64 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

91aa_9614

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 83 (83-90)²⁄ 83 0.590
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)²⁄ 26 0.615
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 44 4.455
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 7 1.286
(sum) χ² =  6.946

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.95 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.95 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

17b7_19f1

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 31 (31-30)²⁄ 30 0.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  1.867

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.87 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.87 is less than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct MC

7975_3a6a

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 87 0.103
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 21 3.857
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 39 2.077
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 13 0.692
(sum) χ² =  6.730

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.73 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.73 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

0056_3710

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  12.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.31 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.31 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

ebc9_4730

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 93 (93-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 36 (36-30)²⁄ 30 1.200
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  4.333

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.33 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.33 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

43fe_f087

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 98 (98-90)²⁄ 98 0.653
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 25 (25-30)²⁄ 25 1.000
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 35 0.714
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 2 (2-10)²⁄ 2 32.000
(sum) χ² =  34.367

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 34.37 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 34.37 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

8cdd_7c70

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 63 (63-40)²⁄ 40 13.225
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 42 (42-40)²⁄ 40 0.100
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 33 (33-40)²⁄ 40 1.225
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 22 (22-40)²⁄ 40 8.100
(sum) χ² =  22.650

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 22.65 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 22.65 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

977f_f5b2

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 98 (98-90)²⁄ 98² 0.007
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 15² 1.000
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 34² 0.014
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 13² 0.053
(sum) χ² =  1.074

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.07 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.07 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

4b4e_b0a8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 105 (105-90)²⁄ 90 2.500
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 5 (5-10)²⁄ 10 2.500
(sum) χ² =  12.067

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 12.07 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 12.07 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

2310_6c22

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 12 (12-30)²⁄ 30 10.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 18 (18-10)²⁄ 10 6.400
(sum) χ² =  18.133

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 18.13 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 18.13 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

43b6_8efa

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90² 0.004
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 13 (13-30)²⁄ 30² 0.321
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 36 (36-30)²⁄ 30² 0.040
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 15 (15-10)²⁄ 10² 0.250
(sum) χ² =  0.616

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.62 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.62 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

e1cf_b91c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)²⁄ 81² 0.012
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)²⁄ 20² 0.250
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 47 (47-30)²⁄ 47² 0.131
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 12² 0.028
(sum) χ² =  0.421

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.42 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.42 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

334e_b91c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 12 (12-30)²⁄ 30 10.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 55 (55-30)²⁄ 30 20.833
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  32.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 32.31 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 32.31 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

30e7_b2c5

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 98 (98-90)²⁄ 90 0.711
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  4.844

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.84 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.84 is less than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

f4b9_d88b

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 93 (93-90)²⁄ 93² 0.001
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 13 (13-30)²⁄ 13² 1.710
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 42² 0.082
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 12² 0.028
(sum) χ² =  1.821

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.82 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.82 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

ce02_7153

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 84 (84-90)⁄ 90 -0.067
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)⁄ 30 -0.400
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 45 (45-30)⁄ 30 0.500
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)⁄ 10 0.300
(sum) χ² =  0.333

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.33 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.33 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct MC

aa31_71e7

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 90² 0.008
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 30² 0.218
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 49 (49-30)²⁄ 30² 0.401
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10² 0.090
(sum) χ² =  0.717

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.72 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.72 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

a930_b649

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 95 0.263
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 16 12.250
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 41 2.951
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 8 0.500
(sum) χ² =  15.964

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 15.96 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 15.96 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

ba9e_d19c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 16 (16-10)²⁄ 10 3.600
(sum) χ² =  11.244

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 11.24 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 11.24 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

b3bd_082c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90² 0.003
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)²⁄ 30² 0.111
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 32 (32-30)²⁄ 30² 0.004
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 10² 0.090
(sum) χ² =  0.209

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.21 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.21 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

fd8d_c51d

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 97 (97-90)²⁄ 90 0.544
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 12 (12-30)²⁄ 30 10.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 10 0.900
(sum) χ² =  18.778

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 18.78 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 18.78 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct MC

d8a0_31c8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90² 0.001
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 10 (10-30)²⁄ 30² 0.444
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 48 (48-30)²⁄ 30² 0.360
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 15 (15-10)²⁄ 10² 0.250
(sum) χ² =  1.056

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.06 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.06 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

ab24_d9e5

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90² 0.002
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 16 (16-30)²⁄ 30² 0.218
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30² 0.018
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 16 (16-10)²⁄ 10² 0.360
(sum) χ² =  0.598

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.60 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.60 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

79cc_b0a8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 90 0.711
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 27 (27-30)²⁄ 30 0.300
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  4.111

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.11 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.11 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

d2a9_0044

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 30 7.500
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 43 (43-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 17 (17-10)²⁄ 10 4.900
(sum) χ² =  18.311

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 18.31 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 18.31 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct MC

a1c4_0275

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)⁄ 90 -0.056
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)⁄ 30 -0.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)⁄ 30 0.300
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 16 (16-10)⁄ 10 0.600
(sum) χ² =  0.511

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.51 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.51 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

ec94_2a76

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 76 (76-90)²⁄ 90 2.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 24 (24-30)²⁄ 30 1.200
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 46 (46-30)²⁄ 30 8.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  13.511

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 13.51 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 13.51 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

9d2d_77e4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 80 (80-90)²⁄ 80 1.250
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 27 (27-30)²⁄ 27 0.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 40 2.500
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 13 0.692
(sum) χ² =  4.776

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.78 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.78 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

cba2_1568

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 81 (81-90)²⁄ 90 0.900
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 22 (22-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 49 (49-30)²⁄ 30 12.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  15.467

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 15.47 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 15.47 is greater than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

b911_57fe

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 96 (96-90)²⁄ 90 0.400
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 38 (38-30)²⁄ 30 2.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  7.467

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 7.47 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 7.47 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

9af5_2cc2

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 79 (79-90)²⁄ 90² 0.015
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 30² 0.054
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 52 (52-30)²⁄ 30² 0.538
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10² 0.160
(sum) χ² =  0.767

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.77 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.77 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

2191_31c8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 95 (95-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 19 (19-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 32 (32-30)²⁄ 30 0.133
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  6.044

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 6.04 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 6.04 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

8de0_58c4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 80 (80-90)²⁄ 80² 0.016
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 28 (28-30)²⁄ 28² 0.005
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 39 (39-30)²⁄ 39² 0.053
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 13 (13-10)²⁄ 13² 0.053
(sum) χ² =  0.127

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.13 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.13 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

d89a_84a0

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 85² 0.003
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 23 (23-30)²⁄ 23² 0.093
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 44² 0.101
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 8² 0.062
(sum) χ² =  0.260

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.26 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.26 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

ce36_c51d

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 98 (98-90)²⁄ 98² 0.007
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 15 (15-30)²⁄ 15² 1.000
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)²⁄ 40² 0.062
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 7 (7-10)²⁄ 7² 0.184
(sum) χ² =  1.253

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.25 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.25 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

b35b_b0a8

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 78 (78-90)²⁄ 90 1.600
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 26 (26-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 42 (42-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 14 (14-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  8.533

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 8.53 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 8.53 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect MC

6d44_791a

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)²⁄ 90 0.100
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 30 2.700
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 30 6.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  9.733

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 9.73 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 9.73 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

bd46_44bb

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 83 (83-90)²⁄ 90 0.544
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 13 (13-30)²⁄ 30 9.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 46 (46-30)²⁄ 30 8.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 18 (18-10)²⁄ 10 6.400
(sum) χ² =  25.111

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 25.11 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 25.11 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct MC

9bf7_e968

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 90² 0.008
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30² 0.160
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 30² 0.134
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 19 (19-10)²⁄ 10² 0.810
(sum) χ² =  1.112

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 1.11 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 1.11 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

ddc2_8e63

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 93 (93-90)²⁄ 90² 0.001
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30² 0.188
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 44 (44-30)²⁄ 30² 0.218
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10² 0.160
(sum) χ² =  0.567

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.57 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.57 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

91ac_614c

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 20 (20-30)²⁄ 30 3.333
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 34 (34-30)²⁄ 30 0.533
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  4.444

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 4.44 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 4.44 is less than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

5254_0492

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 90 0.278
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 18 (18-30)²⁄ 30 4.800
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 49 (49-30)²⁄ 30 12.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  17.511

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 17.51 with 2 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 5.99.

Since the chi-squared value of 17.51 is greater than the critical value of 5.99, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

a9d4_96e4

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 85² 0.003
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 28 (28-30)²⁄ 28² 0.005
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 35² 0.020
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 12² 0.028
(sum) χ² =  0.057

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.06 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.06 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

f32c_1a62

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 40 68 (68-40)²⁄ 40 19.600
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 40 40 (40-40)²⁄ 40 0.000
 Green Round (yyR–) 40 26 (26-40)²⁄ 40 4.900
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 40 26 (26-40)²⁄ 40 4.900
(sum) χ² =  29.400

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 29.40 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 29.40 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Correct The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

5352_3a6a

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 98 (98-90)²⁄ 98 0.653
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)²⁄ 21 3.857
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 35 0.714
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 6 2.667
(sum) χ² =  7.891

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 7.89 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 7.89 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect MC

1072_2724

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 94 0.170
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 17 9.941
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 41 2.951
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 8 (8-10)²⁄ 8 0.500
(sum) χ² =  13.563

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 13.56 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 13.56 is greater than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect MC

9658_01b0

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 85 (85-90)²⁄ 85 0.294
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 25 (25-30)²⁄ 25 1.000
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 35 0.714
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 15 (15-10)²⁄ 15 1.667
(sum) χ² =  3.675

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 3.67 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 3.67 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Correct MC

db30_52ec

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 87 (87-90)⁄ 90 -0.033
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 21 (21-30)⁄ 30 -0.300
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 40 (40-30)⁄ 30 0.333
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)⁄ 10 0.200
(sum) χ² =  0.200

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 0.20 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 0.20 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Correct The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect MC

d4c9_f5b2

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 100 (100-90)²⁄ 90 1.111
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 17 (17-30)²⁄ 30 5.633
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 31 (31-30)²⁄ 30 0.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  7.178

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 7.18 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 7.81.

Since the chi-squared value of 7.18 is less than the critical value of 7.81, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

7a42_d9e5

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 82 (82-90)²⁄ 90 0.711
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 25 (25-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 41 (41-30)²⁄ 30 4.033
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 12 (12-10)²⁄ 10 0.400
(sum) χ² =  5.978

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 5.98 with 3 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.50, we obtain a critical value of 2.37.

Since the chi-squared value of 5.98 is greater than the critical value of 2.37, the null hypothesis has BEEN REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Correct The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect MC

5dec_8964

Table of Chi-Squared (χ²) Critical Values
Degrees of Freedom Probability
0.950.900.750.500.250.100.050.01
10.000.020.100.451.322.713.846.63
20.100.210.581.392.774.615.999.21
30.350.581.212.374.116.257.8111.34
40.711.061.923.365.397.789.4913.28

Phenotype Expected Observed Calculation Statistic
 Yellow Round (Y–R–) 90 94 (94-90)²⁄ 90 0.178
 Yellow Wrinkled (Y–rr) 30 25 (25-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Round (yyR–) 30 35 (35-30)²⁄ 30 0.833
 Green Wrinkled (yyrr) 10 6 (6-10)²⁄ 10 1.600
(sum) χ² =  3.444

The final result gives the chi-squared (χ²) test value of 3.44 with 4 degrees of freedom. Consulting the Table of χ² Critical Values and a level of significance α=0.05, we obtain a critical value of 9.49.

Since the chi-squared value of 3.44 is less than the critical value of 9.49, the null hypothesis has FAILED TO BE REJECTED.

Your lab partner completed a chi-squared (χ²) test on your lab data (above) for the F2 generation in a standard dihybrid cross. The goal was to verify if the observed results matched the expected phenotype ratios.

However, it appears they made an error. What did they do wrong?

The wrong numbers in the calculation were used for division, you need to divide by a different number. Incorrect The degrees of freedom is wrong, it should be a different value. Correct The numbers in the calculation have to be squared and they are not squared. Incorrect The expected progeny for the null hypothesis is incorrect. They did the calculation wrong. Incorrect The wrong rejection criteria was used. the significance level, α is wrong. Incorrect