MC

0554_d014

In the desert population of 2500 snakes, there were 729 with diamond pattern scale pattern, 1242 with striped pattern scale pattern, and 529 with solid color scale pattern.

The researcher calculates a fraction of  
 2 × 729  +  1 × 1,242 
 5,000 
  = 0.54.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable below is represented by the value 0.54?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

6435_d014

In the meadow population of flowers, there is a display of complete dominance in petal color. Individuals with at least one Q allele show the red petal color, while those no Q alleles show the blue petal color.

A group of 10000 flowers were observed. 8911 exhibited the red petal color, while 1089 showed the recessive form of blue petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 1,089 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

daf3_d014

In the forest population of snakes, there is a display of incomplete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with two S alleles exhibit diamond pattern, those with one S allele and one s allele exhibit striped pattern, and those with two s alleles exhibit solid color.

A group of 10000 snakes were observed. 5041 exhibited the diamond pattern scale pattern, 4118 had the striped pattern scale pattern, and 841 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 4,118 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Correct q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

c0f9_d014

In the forest population of snakes, there is a display of complete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with at least one N allele show the diamond pattern scale pattern, while those no N alleles show the solid color scale pattern.

A group of 425 snakes were observed. 357 exhibited the diamond pattern scale pattern, while 68 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 68 
 425 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

6514_d014

In the garden population of 10000 flowers, there were 6241 with red petal color, 3318 with violet petal color, and 441 with blue petal color.

The researcher calculates a fraction of  
 1 × 3,318  +  2 × 441 
 20,000 
  = 0.21.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable below is represented by the value 0.21?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Correct p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

d055_d014

In the rainforest population of flowers, there is a display of complete dominance in petal color. Individuals with at least one C allele show the red petal color, while those no C alleles show the white petal color.

A group of 10000 flowers were observed. 8911 exhibited the red petal color, while 1089 showed the recessive form of white petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 1,089 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

42cc_d014

In the meadow population of butterflies, there is a display of incomplete dominance in wing pattern. Individuals with two Y alleles exhibit cirlcular, those with one Y allele and one y allele exhibit wavy pattern, and those with two y alleles exhibit solid color.

A group of 10000 butterflies were observed. 4,959 had either wavy pattern or solid color wing pattern, and did NOT have cirlcular wing pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 4,959 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Correct MC

9e26_d014

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in the DMD gene. This results in dystrophin is responsible for connecting the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM) in muscle cells. The disorder affects 1 in 20,000 males. Individuals affected with DMD have muscle weakness, trouble standing up, which eventually leads to loss of skeletal muscle control, respiratory failure, and death. The defective gene for DMD is located on the short arm of chromosome X at position 21.2.


In a study of DMD, an X-linked recessive disorder, in a population of 1700 male humans, 867 did NOT have the disorder.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction  
 867 
 1,700 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

2b52_d014

In the tropical rainforest population of butterflies, there is a display of incomplete dominance in wing pattern. Individuals with two D alleles exhibit cirlcular, those with one D allele and one d allele exhibit wavy pattern, and those with two d alleles exhibit solid color.

A group of 2500 butterflies were observed. 651 had either wavy pattern or solid color wing pattern, and did NOT have cirlcular wing pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 651 
 2,500 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Correct MC

d22a_d014

In the forest population of snakes, there is a display of complete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with at least one U allele show the diamond pattern scale pattern, while those no U alleles show the solid color scale pattern.

A group of 10000 snakes were observed. 8911 exhibited the diamond pattern scale pattern, while 1089 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 8,911 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Correct 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

d835_d014

In the meadow population of butterflies, there is a display of incomplete dominance in wing pattern. Individuals with two V alleles exhibit cirlcular, those with one V allele and one v allele exhibit wavy pattern, and those with two v alleles exhibit solid color.

A group of 10000 butterflies were observed. 4489 exhibited the cirlcular wing pattern, 4422 had the wavy pattern wing pattern, and 1089 showed the recessive form of solid color wing pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 4,489 
 10,000 
 ?

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 4489/10000?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Correct 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

c4f2_d014

In the garden population of flowers, there is a display of incomplete dominance in petal color. Individuals with two E alleles exhibit red, those with one E allele and one e allele exhibit violet, and those with two e alleles exhibit blue.

A group of 10000 flowers were observed. 4761 exhibited the red petal color, 4278 had the violet petal color, and 961 showed the recessive form of blue petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 4,761 
 10,000 
 ?

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 4761/10000?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Correct 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

1e0b_d014

In the lake population of fish, there is a display of complete dominance in scale color. Individuals with at least one K allele show the red scale color, while those no K alleles show the yellow scale color.

A group of 1200 fish were observed. 1197 exhibited the red scale color, while 3 showed the recessive form of yellow scale color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 3 
 1,200 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

578a_d014

In the desert population of snakes, there is a display of complete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with at least one U allele show the diamond pattern scale pattern, while those no U alleles show the solid color scale pattern.

A group of 625 snakes were observed. 621 exhibited the diamond pattern scale pattern, while 4 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 4 
 625 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

a25c_d014

In the grassland population of deer, there is a display of complete dominance in antler shape. Individuals with at least one R allele show the heavily branched antler shape, while those no R alleles show the straight antler shape.

A group of 2500 deer were observed. 2211 exhibited the heavily branched antler shape, while 289 showed the recessive form of straight antler shape.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 289 
 2,500 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

db7a_d014

In the garden population of butterflies, there is a display of incomplete dominance in wing pattern. Individuals with two M alleles exhibit cirlcular, those with one M allele and one m allele exhibit wavy pattern, and those with two m alleles exhibit solid color.

A group of 1200 butterflies were observed. 333 had either wavy pattern or solid color wing pattern, and did NOT have cirlcular wing pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 333 
 1,200 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Correct MC

63c0_d014

In the mountainous area population of 10000 lizards, there were 3721 with spotted pattern scale pattern, 4758 with striped pattern scale pattern, and 1521 with solid color scale pattern.

The researcher calculates a fraction of  
 2 × 3,721  +  1 × 4,758 
 20,000 
  = 0.61.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable below is represented by the value 0.61?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

6a6a_d014

In the tropical rainforest population of butterflies, there is a display of complete dominance in wing pattern. Individuals with at least one U allele show the cirlcular wing pattern, while those no U alleles show the solid color wing pattern.

A group of 10000 butterflies were observed. 6751 exhibited the cirlcular wing pattern, while 3249 showed the recessive form of solid color wing pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 6,751 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Correct 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

7282_d014

In the meadow population of flowers, there is a display of incomplete dominance in petal color. Individuals with two A alleles exhibit black, those with one A allele and one a allele exhibit gray, and those with two a alleles exhibit white.

A group of 625 flowers were observed. 369 had either gray or white petal color, and did NOT have black petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 369 
 625 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Correct MC

033e_d014

In the mountainous area population of lizards, there is a display of complete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with at least one E allele show the spotted pattern scale pattern, while those no E alleles show the solid color scale pattern.

A group of 10000 lizards were observed. 9999 exhibited the spotted pattern scale pattern, while 1 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 1 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

9153_d014

In the garden population of flowers, there is a display of incomplete dominance in petal color. Individuals with two P alleles exhibit red, those with one P allele and one p allele exhibit orange, and those with two p alleles exhibit yellow.

A group of 625 flowers were observed. 504 had either orange or yellow petal color, and did NOT have red petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 504 
 625 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Correct MC

3ca4_d014

In the meadow population of flowers, there is a display of incomplete dominance in petal color. Individuals with two O alleles exhibit red, those with one O allele and one o allele exhibit orange, and those with two o alleles exhibit yellow.

A group of 10000 flowers were observed. 6889 exhibited the red petal color, 2822 had the orange petal color, and 289 showed the recessive form of yellow petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 6,889 
 10,000 
 ?

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 6889/10000?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Correct 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

c174_d014

In the lake population of fish, there is a display of incomplete dominance in scale color. Individuals with two O alleles exhibit red, those with one O allele and one o allele exhibit pink, and those with two o alleles exhibit white.

A group of 10000 fish were observed. 2601 exhibited the red scale color, 4998 had the pink scale color, and 2401 showed the recessive form of white scale color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 2,601 
 10,000 
 ?

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 2601/10000?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Correct 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

ea3b_d014

In the forest population of snakes, there is a display of incomplete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with two V alleles exhibit diamond pattern, those with one V allele and one v allele exhibit striped pattern, and those with two v alleles exhibit solid color.

A group of 10000 snakes were observed. 2401 exhibited the diamond pattern scale pattern, 4998 had the striped pattern scale pattern, and 2601 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 2,401 
 10,000 
 ?

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 2401/10000?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Correct 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

9e54_d014

In the desert population of lizards, there is a display of incomplete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with two I alleles exhibit spotted pattern, those with one I allele and one i allele exhibit striped pattern, and those with two i alleles exhibit solid color.

A group of 2500 lizards were observed. 1369 exhibited the spotted pattern scale pattern, 962 had the striped pattern scale pattern, and 169 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 962 
 2,500 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Correct q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

4f16_d014

In the forest population of 10000 deer, there were 8649 with heavily branched antler shape, 1302 with less branched antler shape, and 49 with straight antler shape.

The researcher calculates a fraction of  
 2 × 8,649  +  1 × 1,302 
 20,000 
  = 0.93.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable below is represented by the value 0.93?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

2c6a_d014

In the desert population of lizards, there is a display of complete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with at least one B allele show the spotted pattern scale pattern, while those no B alleles show the solid color scale pattern.

A group of 1200 lizards were observed. 1053 exhibited the spotted pattern scale pattern, while 147 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 1,053 
 1,200 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Correct 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

3639_d014

Deuteranomaly red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in the OPN1MW gene. This results in shift in the green retinal receptors toward red wavelength sensitivity. The disorder affects 1 in 20 males and 1 in 400 females of Northern European ancestry. Individuals affected with color blindness have decreased ability to see colors in which they are unable distinguish between shades of red and green. The defective gene for color blindness is located on the long arm of chromosome X at position 28.


In a study of color blindness, an X-linked recessive disorder, in a population of 700 male humans, 343 did NOT have the disorder.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction  
 343 
 700 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

3db2_d014

In the lake population of fish, there is a display of complete dominance in scale color. Individuals with at least one A allele show the red scale color, while those no A alleles show the blue scale color.

A group of 325 fish were observed. 312 exhibited the red scale color, while 13 showed the recessive form of blue scale color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 13 
 325 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

4986_d014

In the forest population of snakes, there is a display of complete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with at least one W allele show the diamond pattern scale pattern, while those no W alleles show the solid color scale pattern.

A group of 625 snakes were observed. 616 exhibited the diamond pattern scale pattern, while 9 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 9 
 625 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

986a_d014

In the woodland population of 10000 deer, there were 9409 with heavily branched antler shape, 582 with less branched antler shape, and 9 with straight antler shape.

The researcher calculates a fraction of  
 1 × 582  +  2 × 9 
 20,000 
  = 0.03.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable below is represented by the value 0.03?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Correct p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

5777_d014

In the meadow population of butterflies, there is a display of complete dominance in wing pattern. Individuals with at least one H allele show the cirlcular wing pattern, while those no H alleles show the solid color wing pattern.

A group of 625 butterflies were observed. 544 exhibited the cirlcular wing pattern, while 81 showed the recessive form of solid color wing pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 81 
 625 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

b192_d014

In the meadow population of flowers, there is a display of incomplete dominance in petal color. Individuals with two V alleles exhibit black, those with one V allele and one v allele exhibit gray, and those with two v alleles exhibit white.

A group of 10000 flowers were observed. 7,599 had either gray or white petal color, and did NOT have black petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 7,599 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Correct MC

48d8_d014

In the meadow population of 176 butterflies, there were 99 with cirlcular wing pattern, 66 with wavy pattern wing pattern, and 11 with solid color wing pattern.

The researcher calculates a fraction of  
 2 × 99  +  1 × 66 
 352 
  = 0.75.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable below is represented by the value 0.75?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

ed51_d014

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in the DMD gene. This results in dystrophin is responsible for connecting the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM) in muscle cells. The disorder affects 1 in 20,000 males. Individuals affected with DMD have muscle weakness, trouble standing up, which eventually leads to loss of skeletal muscle control, respiratory failure, and death. The defective gene for DMD is located on the short arm of chromosome X at position 21.2.


In a study of DMD, an X-linked recessive disorder, in a population of 550 male humans, 99 were found to have the disorder.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction  
 99 
 550 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Correct p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

3841_d014

In the rainforest population of flowers, there is a display of incomplete dominance in petal color. Individuals with two U alleles exhibit red, those with one U allele and one u allele exhibit orange, and those with two u alleles exhibit yellow.

A group of 10000 flowers were observed. 6,031 had either orange or yellow petal color, and did NOT have red petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 6,031 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Correct MC

63c9_d014

Hemophilia A (HemA) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder that is caused by a mutation in the HEMA gene. This results in blood cannot clot properly due to a deficiency of a clotting factor. The disorder affects 1 in 1,000 American males. Individuals affected with HemA have prolonged bleeding from common injuries. The defective gene for HemA is located on the long arm of chromosome X at position 28.


In a study of HemA, an X-linked recessive disorder, in a population of 850 male humans, 493 did NOT have the disorder.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction  
 493 
 850 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

6bcf_d014

Hemophilia A (HemA) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder that is caused by a mutation in the HEMA gene. This results in blood cannot clot properly due to a deficiency of a clotting factor. The disorder affects 1 in 1,000 American males. Individuals affected with HemA have prolonged bleeding from common injuries. The defective gene for HemA is located on the long arm of chromosome X at position 28.


In a study of HemA, an X-linked recessive disorder, in a population of 1100 male humans, 671 did NOT have the disorder.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction  
 671 
 1,100 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

5e8c_d014

In the rainforest population of flowers, there is a display of incomplete dominance in petal color. Individuals with two W alleles exhibit black, those with one W allele and one w allele exhibit gray, and those with two w alleles exhibit white.

A group of 2500 flowers were observed. 441 exhibited the black petal color, 1218 had the gray petal color, and 841 showed the recessive form of white petal color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 441 
 2,500 
 ?

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 441/2500?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Correct 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

4e86_d014

In the meadow population of butterflies, there is a display of complete dominance in wing color. Individuals with at least one O allele show the red wing color, while those no O alleles show the white wing color.

A group of 10000 butterflies were observed. 7791 exhibited the red wing color, while 2209 showed the recessive form of white wing color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 2,209 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

b007_d014

Deuteranomaly red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in the OPN1MW gene. This results in shift in the green retinal receptors toward red wavelength sensitivity. The disorder affects 1 in 20 males and 1 in 400 females of Northern European ancestry. Individuals affected with color blindness have decreased ability to see colors in which they are unable distinguish between shades of red and green. The defective gene for color blindness is located on the long arm of chromosome X at position 28.


In a study of color blindness, an X-linked recessive disorder, in a population of 1700 male humans, 1309 did NOT have the disorder.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction  
 1,309 
 1,700 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

10b3_d014

In the meadow population of butterflies, there is a display of incomplete dominance in wing color. Individuals with two S alleles exhibit blue, those with one S allele and one s allele exhibit green, and those with two s alleles exhibit yellow.

A group of 10000 butterflies were observed. 2401 exhibited the blue wing color, 4998 had the green wing color, and 2601 showed the recessive form of yellow wing color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 2,401 
 10,000 
 ?

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 2401/10000?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Correct 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

f590_d014

In the lake population of fish, there is a display of incomplete dominance in scale color. Individuals with two T alleles exhibit blue, those with one T allele and one t allele exhibit green, and those with two t alleles exhibit yellow.

A group of 625 fish were observed. 289 exhibited the blue scale color, 272 had the green scale color, and 64 showed the recessive form of yellow scale color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 272 
 625 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Correct q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

283c_d014

In the lake population of fish, there is a display of complete dominance in scale color. Individuals with at least one K allele show the blue scale color, while those no K alleles show the yellow scale color.

A group of 625 fish were observed. 456 exhibited the blue scale color, while 169 showed the recessive form of yellow scale color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 456 
 625 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Correct 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

dcab_d014

In the meadow population of 1200 butterflies, there were 363 with blue wing color, 594 with green wing color, and 243 with yellow wing color.

The researcher calculates a fraction of  
 2 × 363  +  1 × 594 
 2,400 
  = 0.55.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable below is represented by the value 0.55?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

01b6_d014

In the rainforest population of lizards, there is a display of incomplete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with two S alleles exhibit spotted pattern, those with one S allele and one s allele exhibit striped pattern, and those with two s alleles exhibit solid color.

A group of 2500 lizards were observed. 1089 exhibited the spotted pattern scale pattern, 1122 had the striped pattern scale pattern, and 289 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 1,122 
 2,500 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Correct q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

a41b_d014

In the desert population of snakes, there is a display of complete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with at least one O allele show the diamond pattern scale pattern, while those no O alleles show the solid color scale pattern.

A group of 2800 snakes were observed. 2233 exhibited the diamond pattern scale pattern, while 567 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 567 
 2,800 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

c007_d014

In the wetland population of snakes, there is a display of complete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with at least one T allele show the diamond pattern scale pattern, while those no T alleles show the solid color scale pattern.

A group of 10000 snakes were observed. 8319 exhibited the diamond pattern scale pattern, while 1681 showed the recessive form of solid color scale pattern.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 1,681 
 10,000 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Correct p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

3a30_d014

In the coral reef population of fish, there is a display of incomplete dominance in scale color. Individuals with two Q alleles exhibit red, those with one Q allele and one q allele exhibit pink, and those with two q alleles exhibit white.

A group of 625 fish were observed. 361 exhibited the red scale color, 228 had the pink scale color, and 36 showed the recessive form of white scale color.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 
 361 
 625 
 ?

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 361/625?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Incorrect q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Correct 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect MC

8035_d014

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in the DMD gene. This results in dystrophin is responsible for connecting the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM) in muscle cells. The disorder affects 1 in 20,000 males. Individuals affected with DMD have muscle weakness, trouble standing up, which eventually leads to loss of skeletal muscle control, respiratory failure, and death. The defective gene for DMD is located on the short arm of chromosome X at position 21.2.


In a study of DMD, an X-linked recessive disorder, in a population of 550 male humans, 319 did NOT have the disorder.

Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction  
 319 
 550 
 ?

p — Frequency of the dominant allele Correct q — Frequency of the recessive allele Incorrect p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals Incorrect 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals Incorrect q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals Incorrect p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype Incorrect 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant Incorrect