6cd3_8c56

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A test cross is a way to explore the relationship between genes and their respective alleles. It is a useful tool for genetic mapping and deciphering the inheritance of traits. Specifically, a two-point test cross examines two (2) genes at the same time to learn about their assortment in gamete formation.

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene F is related to the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Gene Y is linked with the 'yucky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene Y gives off an unpleasant odor and has a generally unappealing look.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
fuzzy, yucky	f	y	41,500
fuzzy	f	+	83,205
yucky	+	y	83,370
wildtype	+	+	41,925
TOTAL =			250,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^41,500/_250,000 = ^41,500/_250,000 = 0.1660 = 16.60 cM Incorrect ^41,925/_250,000 = ^41,925/_250,000 = 0.1677 = 16.77 cM Incorrect ^83,205/_250,000 = ^83,205/_250,000 = 0.3328 = 33.28 cM Incorrect ^83,370/_250,000 = ^83,370/_250,000 = 0.3335 = 33.35 cM Incorrect ^{(41,500 + 41,925)}/_250,000 = ^83,425/_250,000 = 0.3337 = 33.37 cM Correct ^{(41,500 + 83,205)}/_250,000 = ^124,705/_250,000 = 0.4988 = 49.88 cM Incorrect MC

96fc_75f2

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene H is associated with the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Gene K is analogous to the 'kidney' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene K has a body shape that is curved, similar to a kidney bean.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
horsey, kidney	h	k	35,621
horsey	h	+	14,556
kidney	+	k	14,214
wildtype	+	+	35,609
TOTAL =			100,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^14,214/_100,000 = ^14,214/_100,000 = 0.1421 = 14.21 cM Incorrect ^14,556/_100,000 = ^14,556/_100,000 = 0.1456 = 14.56 cM Incorrect ^{(14,214 + 14,556)}/_100,000 = ^28,770/_100,000 = 0.2877 = 28.77 cM Correct ^35,609/_100,000 = ^35,609/_100,000 = 0.3561 = 35.61 cM Incorrect ^35,621/_100,000 = ^35,621/_100,000 = 0.3562 = 35.62 cM Incorrect ^{(14,214 + 35,609)}/_100,000 = ^49,823/_100,000 = 0.4982 = 49.82 cM Incorrect MC

977b_bb0e

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene F is related to the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Gene Y is analogous to the 'yucky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene Y gives off an unpleasant odor and has a generally unappealing look.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
fuzzy, yucky	f	y	16,720
fuzzy	f	+	5,632
yucky	+	y	5,690
wildtype	+	+	16,958
TOTAL =			45,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^5,632/_45,000 = ^5,632/_45,000 = 0.1252 = 12.52 cM Incorrect ^5,690/_45,000 = ^5,690/_45,000 = 0.1264 = 12.64 cM Incorrect ^{(5,632 + 5,690)}/_45,000 = ^11,322/_45,000 = 0.2516 = 25.16 cM Correct ^16,720/_45,000 = ^16,720/_45,000 = 0.3716 = 37.16 cM Incorrect ^16,958/_45,000 = ^16,958/_45,000 = 0.3768 = 37.68 cM Incorrect ^{(5,632 + 16,958)}/_45,000 = ^22,590/_45,000 = 0.5020 = 50.20 cM Incorrect MC

6de2_4e9b

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene K is correlated with the 'kidney' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene K has a body shape that is curved, similar to a kidney bean.

Gene N is connected with the 'nerdy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene N has large, prominent eyes that stand out, much like thick-rimmed glasses.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
kidney, nerdy	k	n	36,640
kidney	k	+	108,632
nerdy	+	n	108,085
wildtype	+	+	36,643
TOTAL =			290,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^36,640/_290,000 = ^36,640/_290,000 = 0.1263 = 12.63 cM Incorrect ^36,643/_290,000 = ^36,643/_290,000 = 0.1264 = 12.64 cM Incorrect ^{(36,640 + 36,643)}/_290,000 = ^73,283/_290,000 = 0.2527 = 25.27 cM Correct ^108,085/_290,000 = ^108,085/_290,000 = 0.3727 = 37.27 cM Incorrect ^108,632/_290,000 = ^108,632/_290,000 = 0.3746 = 37.46 cM Incorrect ^{(36,640 + 108,632)}/_290,000 = ^145,272/_290,000 = 0.5009 = 50.09 cM Incorrect MC

a3f5_0fe0

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene R is associated with the 'rusty' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene R has a reddish-brown color, much like rusted iron metal.

Gene X is correlated with the 'xanthic' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene X has a fluorescent bright yellow coloring.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
rusty, xanthic	r	x	7,085
rusty	r	+	30,407
xanthic	+	x	30,508
wildtype	+	+	7,000
TOTAL =			75,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^7,000/_75,000 = ^7,000/_75,000 = 0.0933 = 9.33 cM Incorrect ^7,085/_75,000 = ^7,085/_75,000 = 0.0945 = 9.45 cM Incorrect ^{(7,000 + 7,085)}/_75,000 = ^14,085/_75,000 = 0.1878 = 18.78 cM Correct ^30,407/_75,000 = ^30,407/_75,000 = 0.4054 = 40.54 cM Incorrect ^30,508/_75,000 = ^30,508/_75,000 = 0.4068 = 40.68 cM Incorrect ^{(7,000 + 30,508)}/_75,000 = ^37,508/_75,000 = 0.5001 = 50.01 cM Incorrect MC

913b_d0d5

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene H is linked with the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Gene M is linked with the 'mushy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene M feels soft to the touch and unusually squishy, unlike the usual firmness.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
horsey, mushy	h	m	76,372
horsey	h	+	13,646
mushy	+	m	13,588
wildtype	+	+	76,394
TOTAL =			180,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^13,588/_180,000 = ^13,588/_180,000 = 0.0755 = 7.55 cM Incorrect ^13,646/_180,000 = ^13,646/_180,000 = 0.0758 = 7.58 cM Incorrect ^{(13,588 + 13,646)}/_180,000 = ^27,234/_180,000 = 0.1513 = 15.13 cM Correct ^76,372/_180,000 = ^76,372/_180,000 = 0.4243 = 42.43 cM Incorrect ^76,394/_180,000 = ^76,394/_180,000 = 0.4244 = 42.44 cM Incorrect ^{(13,588 + 76,394)}/_180,000 = ^89,982/_180,000 = 0.4999 = 49.99 cM Incorrect MC

4dcf_cf5b

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene H is linked with the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Gene W is affiliated with the 'waxy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene W has a thick protective layer that is water resistant and opague.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
horsey, waxy	h	w	2,187
horsey	h	+	7,807
waxy	+	w	7,783
wildtype	+	+	2,223
TOTAL =			20,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^2,187/_20,000 = ^2,187/_20,000 = 0.1094 = 10.94 cM Incorrect ^2,223/_20,000 = ^2,223/_20,000 = 0.1111 = 11.12 cM Incorrect ^{(2,187 + 2,223)}/_20,000 = ^4,410/_20,000 = 0.2205 = 22.05 cM Correct ^7,783/_20,000 = ^7,783/_20,000 = 0.3891 = 38.91 cM Incorrect ^7,807/_20,000 = ^7,807/_20,000 = 0.3903 = 39.03 cM Incorrect ^{(2,187 + 7,783)}/_20,000 = ^9,970/_20,000 = 0.4985 = 49.85 cM Incorrect MC

85b0_a931

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene F is connected with the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Gene R is associated with the 'rusty' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene R has a reddish-brown color, much like rusted iron metal.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
fuzzy, rusty	f	r	73,692
fuzzy	f	+	31,161
rusty	+	r	31,062
wildtype	+	+	74,085
TOTAL =			210,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^31,062/_210,000 = ^31,062/_210,000 = 0.1479 = 14.79 cM Incorrect ^31,161/_210,000 = ^31,161/_210,000 = 0.1484 = 14.84 cM Incorrect ^{(31,062 + 31,161)}/_210,000 = ^62,223/_210,000 = 0.2963 = 29.63 cM Correct ^73,692/_210,000 = ^73,692/_210,000 = 0.3509 = 35.09 cM Incorrect ^74,085/_210,000 = ^74,085/_210,000 = 0.3528 = 35.28 cM Incorrect ^{(31,161 + 73,692)}/_210,000 = ^104,853/_210,000 = 0.4993 = 49.93 cM Incorrect MC

62ea_b331

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene C is associated with the 'chummy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene C shows behavior where it always maintains a close distance to other flies.

Gene J is correlated with the 'jerky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene J moves in rapid and sudden movements, displaying an unpredictable flight pattern.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
chummy, jerky	c	j	1,297
chummy	c	+	12,691
jerky	+	j	12,761
wildtype	+	+	1,251
TOTAL =			28,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^1,251/_28,000 = ^1,251/_28,000 = 0.0447 = 4.47 cM Incorrect ^1,297/_28,000 = ^1,297/_28,000 = 0.0463 = 4.63 cM Incorrect ^{(1,251 + 1,297)}/_28,000 = ^2,548/_28,000 = 0.0910 = 9.10 cM Correct ^12,691/_28,000 = ^12,691/_28,000 = 0.4532 = 45.32 cM Incorrect ^12,761/_28,000 = ^12,761/_28,000 = 0.4557 = 45.57 cM Incorrect ^{(1,297 + 12,761)}/_28,000 = ^14,058/_28,000 = 0.5021 = 50.21 cM Incorrect MC

79d1_7f8e

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene C is linked with the 'chummy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene C shows behavior where it always maintains a close distance to other flies.

Gene T is linked with the 'tipsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene T moves in an erratic path, suggesting a lack of coordination, as if intoxicated.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
chummy, tipsy	c	t	25,829
chummy	c	+	14,163
tipsy	+	t	14,149
wildtype	+	+	25,859
TOTAL =			80,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^14,149/_80,000 = ^14,149/_80,000 = 0.1769 = 17.69 cM Incorrect ^14,163/_80,000 = ^14,163/_80,000 = 0.1770 = 17.70 cM Incorrect ^25,829/_80,000 = ^25,829/_80,000 = 0.3229 = 32.29 cM Incorrect ^25,859/_80,000 = ^25,859/_80,000 = 0.3232 = 32.32 cM Incorrect ^{(14,149 + 14,163)}/_80,000 = ^28,312/_80,000 = 0.3539 = 35.39 cM Correct ^{(14,163 + 25,829)}/_80,000 = ^39,992/_80,000 = 0.4999 = 49.99 cM Incorrect MC

81c3_85b5

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene K is linked with the 'kidney' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene K has a body shape that is curved, similar to a kidney bean.

Gene M is related to the 'mushy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene M feels soft to the touch and unusually squishy, unlike the usual firmness.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
kidney, mushy	k	m	20,614
kidney	k	+	4,289
mushy	+	m	4,441
wildtype	+	+	20,656
TOTAL =			50,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^4,289/_50,000 = ^4,289/_50,000 = 0.0858 = 8.58 cM Incorrect ^4,441/_50,000 = ^4,441/_50,000 = 0.0888 = 8.88 cM Incorrect ^{(4,289 + 4,441)}/_50,000 = ^8,730/_50,000 = 0.1746 = 17.46 cM Correct ^20,614/_50,000 = ^20,614/_50,000 = 0.4123 = 41.23 cM Incorrect ^20,656/_50,000 = ^20,656/_50,000 = 0.4131 = 41.31 cM Incorrect ^{(4,289 + 20,614)}/_50,000 = ^24,903/_50,000 = 0.4981 = 49.81 cM Incorrect MC

3549_861e

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene A is linked with the 'artsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene A has wings that are colorful and distinctive patterns.

Gene M is correlated with the 'mushy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene M feels soft to the touch and unusually squishy, unlike the usual firmness.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
artsy, mushy	a	m	11,925
artsy	a	+	23,140
mushy	+	m	23,291
wildtype	+	+	11,644
TOTAL =			70,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^11,644/_70,000 = ^11,644/_70,000 = 0.1663 = 16.63 cM Incorrect ^11,925/_70,000 = ^11,925/_70,000 = 0.1704 = 17.04 cM Incorrect ^23,140/_70,000 = ^23,140/_70,000 = 0.3306 = 33.06 cM Incorrect ^23,291/_70,000 = ^23,291/_70,000 = 0.3327 = 33.27 cM Incorrect ^{(11,644 + 11,925)}/_70,000 = ^23,569/_70,000 = 0.3367 = 33.67 cM Correct ^{(11,925 + 23,140)}/_70,000 = ^35,065/_70,000 = 0.5009 = 50.09 cM Incorrect MC

262a_c931

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene P is related to the 'prickly' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene P is covered with sharp bristles, giving it a spiky texture.

Gene W is related to the 'waxy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene W has a thick protective layer that is water resistant and opague.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
prickly, waxy	p	w	83,786
prickly	p	+	21,178
waxy	+	w	21,389
wildtype	+	+	83,647
TOTAL =			210,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^21,178/_210,000 = ^21,178/_210,000 = 0.1008 = 10.08 cM Incorrect ^21,389/_210,000 = ^21,389/_210,000 = 0.1019 = 10.19 cM Incorrect ^{(21,178 + 21,389)}/_210,000 = ^42,567/_210,000 = 0.2027 = 20.27 cM Correct ^83,647/_210,000 = ^83,647/_210,000 = 0.3983 = 39.83 cM Incorrect ^83,786/_210,000 = ^83,786/_210,000 = 0.3990 = 39.90 cM Incorrect ^{(21,389 + 83,786)}/_210,000 = ^105,175/_210,000 = 0.5008 = 50.08 cM Incorrect MC

4c85_8113

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene B is linked with the 'bumpy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene B has a skin texture that is not smooth, but rough with small bumps all over.

Gene K is connected with the 'kidney' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene K has a body shape that is curved, similar to a kidney bean.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
bumpy, kidney	b	k	87,343
bumpy	b	+	17,700
kidney	+	k	17,349
wildtype	+	+	87,608
TOTAL =			210,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^17,349/_210,000 = ^17,349/_210,000 = 0.0826 = 8.26 cM Incorrect ^17,700/_210,000 = ^17,700/_210,000 = 0.0843 = 8.43 cM Incorrect ^{(17,349 + 17,700)}/_210,000 = ^35,049/_210,000 = 0.1669 = 16.69 cM Correct ^87,343/_210,000 = ^87,343/_210,000 = 0.4159 = 41.59 cM Incorrect ^87,608/_210,000 = ^87,608/_210,000 = 0.4172 = 41.72 cM Incorrect ^{(17,349 + 87,343)}/_210,000 = ^104,692/_210,000 = 0.4985 = 49.85 cM Incorrect MC

780c_88bd

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene M is analogous to the 'mushy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene M feels soft to the touch and unusually squishy, unlike the usual firmness.

Gene N is associated with the 'nerdy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene N has large, prominent eyes that stand out, much like thick-rimmed glasses.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
mushy, nerdy	m	n	45,711
mushy	m	+	14,175
nerdy	+	n	14,457
wildtype	+	+	45,657
TOTAL =			120,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^14,175/_120,000 = ^14,175/_120,000 = 0.1181 = 11.81 cM Incorrect ^14,457/_120,000 = ^14,457/_120,000 = 0.1205 = 12.05 cM Incorrect ^{(14,175 + 14,457)}/_120,000 = ^28,632/_120,000 = 0.2386 = 23.86 cM Correct ^45,657/_120,000 = ^45,657/_120,000 = 0.3805 = 38.05 cM Incorrect ^45,711/_120,000 = ^45,711/_120,000 = 0.3809 = 38.09 cM Incorrect ^{(14,457 + 45,711)}/_120,000 = ^60,168/_120,000 = 0.5014 = 50.14 cM Incorrect MC

60b7_5042

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene F is linked with the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Gene R is correlated with the 'rusty' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene R has a reddish-brown color, much like rusted iron metal.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
fuzzy, rusty	f	r	35,129
fuzzy	f	+	95,000
rusty	+	r	94,462
wildtype	+	+	35,409
TOTAL =			260,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^35,129/_260,000 = ^35,129/_260,000 = 0.1351 = 13.51 cM Incorrect ^35,409/_260,000 = ^35,409/_260,000 = 0.1362 = 13.62 cM Incorrect ^{(35,129 + 35,409)}/_260,000 = ^70,538/_260,000 = 0.2713 = 27.13 cM Correct ^94,462/_260,000 = ^94,462/_260,000 = 0.3633 = 36.33 cM Incorrect ^95,000/_260,000 = ^95,000/_260,000 = 0.3654 = 36.54 cM Incorrect ^{(35,129 + 94,462)}/_260,000 = ^129,591/_260,000 = 0.4984 = 49.84 cM Incorrect MC

84b7_23b2

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene C is analogous to the 'chummy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene C shows behavior where it always maintains a close distance to other flies.

Gene E is correlated with the 'eery' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene E appears to have something off, crooked limbs and other twisted appendages.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
chummy, eery	c	e	4,515
chummy	c	+	10,548
eery	+	e	10,536
wildtype	+	+	4,401
TOTAL =			30,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^4,401/_30,000 = ^4,401/_30,000 = 0.1467 = 14.67 cM Incorrect ^4,515/_30,000 = ^4,515/_30,000 = 0.1505 = 15.05 cM Incorrect ^{(4,401 + 4,515)}/_30,000 = ^8,916/_30,000 = 0.2972 = 29.72 cM Correct ^10,536/_30,000 = ^10,536/_30,000 = 0.3512 = 35.12 cM Incorrect ^10,548/_30,000 = ^10,548/_30,000 = 0.3516 = 35.16 cM Incorrect ^{(4,401 + 10,548)}/_30,000 = ^14,949/_30,000 = 0.4983 = 49.83 cM Incorrect MC

2f6d_2f0f

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene A is analogous to the 'artsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene A has wings that are colorful and distinctive patterns.

Gene B is affiliated with the 'bumpy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene B has a skin texture that is not smooth, but rough with small bumps all over.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
artsy, bumpy	a	b	618
artsy	a	+	314
bumpy	+	b	307
wildtype	+	+	561
TOTAL =			1,800

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

³⁰⁷/_1,800 = ³⁰⁷/_1,800 = 0.1706 = 17.06 cM Incorrect ³¹⁴/_1,800 = ³¹⁴/_1,800 = 0.1744 = 17.44 cM Incorrect ⁵⁶¹/_1,800 = ⁵⁶¹/_1,800 = 0.3117 = 31.17 cM Incorrect ⁶¹⁸/_1,800 = ⁶¹⁸/_1,800 = 0.3433 = 34.33 cM Incorrect ^{(307 + 314)}/_1,800 = ⁶²¹/_1,800 = 0.3450 = 34.50 cM Correct ^{(314 + 618)}/_1,800 = ⁹³²/_1,800 = 0.5178 = 51.78 cM Incorrect MC

502c_8542

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene C is connected with the 'chummy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene C shows behavior where it always maintains a close distance to other flies.

Gene T is affiliated with the 'tipsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene T moves in an erratic path, suggesting a lack of coordination, as if intoxicated.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
chummy, tipsy	c	t	47,052
chummy	c	+	8,283
tipsy	+	t	8,184
wildtype	+	+	46,481
TOTAL =			110,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^8,184/_110,000 = ^8,184/_110,000 = 0.0744 = 7.44 cM Incorrect ^8,283/_110,000 = ^8,283/_110,000 = 0.0753 = 7.53 cM Incorrect ^{(8,184 + 8,283)}/_110,000 = ^16,467/_110,000 = 0.1497 = 14.97 cM Correct ^46,481/_110,000 = ^46,481/_110,000 = 0.4226 = 42.26 cM Incorrect ^47,052/_110,000 = ^47,052/_110,000 = 0.4277 = 42.77 cM Incorrect ^{(8,184 + 47,052)}/_110,000 = ^55,236/_110,000 = 0.5021 = 50.21 cM Incorrect MC

3f39_5189

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene B is affiliated with the 'bumpy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene B has a skin texture that is not smooth, but rough with small bumps all over.

Gene F is linked with the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
bumpy, fuzzy	b	f	8,555
bumpy	b	+	26,571
fuzzy	+	f	26,615
wildtype	+	+	8,259
TOTAL =			70,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^8,259/_70,000 = ^8,259/_70,000 = 0.1180 = 11.80 cM Incorrect ^8,555/_70,000 = ^8,555/_70,000 = 0.1222 = 12.22 cM Incorrect ^{(8,259 + 8,555)}/_70,000 = ^16,814/_70,000 = 0.2402 = 24.02 cM Correct ^26,571/_70,000 = ^26,571/_70,000 = 0.3796 = 37.96 cM Incorrect ^26,615/_70,000 = ^26,615/_70,000 = 0.3802 = 38.02 cM Incorrect ^{(8,555 + 26,571)}/_70,000 = ^35,126/_70,000 = 0.5018 = 50.18 cM Incorrect MC

ef1c_b35e

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene J is associated with the 'jerky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene J moves in rapid and sudden movements, displaying an unpredictable flight pattern.

Gene P is correlated with the 'prickly' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene P is covered with sharp bristles, giving it a spiky texture.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
jerky, prickly	j	p	10,375
jerky	j	+	3,943
prickly	+	p	3,974
wildtype	+	+	10,708
TOTAL =			29,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^3,943/_29,000 = ^3,943/_29,000 = 0.1360 = 13.60 cM Incorrect ^3,974/_29,000 = ^3,974/_29,000 = 0.1370 = 13.70 cM Incorrect ^{(3,943 + 3,974)}/_29,000 = ^7,917/_29,000 = 0.2730 = 27.30 cM Correct ^10,375/_29,000 = ^10,375/_29,000 = 0.3578 = 35.78 cM Incorrect ^10,708/_29,000 = ^10,708/_29,000 = 0.3692 = 36.92 cM Incorrect ^{(3,943 + 10,375)}/_29,000 = ^14,318/_29,000 = 0.4937 = 49.37 cM Incorrect MC

57e7_29f6

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene F is connected with the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Gene N is affiliated with the 'nerdy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene N has large, prominent eyes that stand out, much like thick-rimmed glasses.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
fuzzy, nerdy	f	n	114,602
fuzzy	f	+	25,254
nerdy	+	n	25,062
wildtype	+	+	115,082
TOTAL =			280,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^25,062/_280,000 = ^25,062/_280,000 = 0.0895 = 8.95 cM Incorrect ^25,254/_280,000 = ^25,254/_280,000 = 0.0902 = 9.02 cM Incorrect ^{(25,062 + 25,254)}/_280,000 = ^50,316/_280,000 = 0.1797 = 17.97 cM Correct ^114,602/_280,000 = ^114,602/_280,000 = 0.4093 = 40.93 cM Incorrect ^115,082/_280,000 = ^115,082/_280,000 = 0.4110 = 41.10 cM Incorrect ^{(25,062 + 114,602)}/_280,000 = ^139,664/_280,000 = 0.4988 = 49.88 cM Incorrect MC

417f_73fa

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene B is connected with the 'bumpy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene B has a skin texture that is not smooth, but rough with small bumps all over.

Gene D is correlated with the 'dewy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene D appears moist, with its body covered in tiny droplets of water.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
bumpy, dewy	b	d	13,668
bumpy	b	+	81,593
dewy	+	d	80,990
wildtype	+	+	13,749
TOTAL =			190,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^13,668/_190,000 = ^13,668/_190,000 = 0.0719 = 7.19 cM Incorrect ^13,749/_190,000 = ^13,749/_190,000 = 0.0724 = 7.24 cM Incorrect ^{(13,668 + 13,749)}/_190,000 = ^27,417/_190,000 = 0.1443 = 14.43 cM Correct ^80,990/_190,000 = ^80,990/_190,000 = 0.4263 = 42.63 cM Incorrect ^81,593/_190,000 = ^81,593/_190,000 = 0.4294 = 42.94 cM Incorrect ^{(13,749 + 80,990)}/_190,000 = ^94,739/_190,000 = 0.4986 = 49.86 cM Incorrect MC

42e1_fc1f

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene N is connected with the 'nerdy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene N has large, prominent eyes that stand out, much like thick-rimmed glasses.

Gene R is associated with the 'rusty' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene R has a reddish-brown color, much like rusted iron metal.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
nerdy, rusty	n	r	10,089
nerdy	n	+	29,751
rusty	+	r	29,921
wildtype	+	+	10,239
TOTAL =			80,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^10,089/_80,000 = ^10,089/_80,000 = 0.1261 = 12.61 cM Incorrect ^10,239/_80,000 = ^10,239/_80,000 = 0.1280 = 12.80 cM Incorrect ^{(10,089 + 10,239)}/_80,000 = ^20,328/_80,000 = 0.2541 = 25.41 cM Correct ^29,751/_80,000 = ^29,751/_80,000 = 0.3719 = 37.19 cM Incorrect ^29,921/_80,000 = ^29,921/_80,000 = 0.3740 = 37.40 cM Incorrect ^{(10,089 + 29,751)}/_80,000 = ^39,840/_80,000 = 0.4980 = 49.80 cM Incorrect MC

9a5c_c6b6

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene E is analogous to the 'eery' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene E appears to have something off, crooked limbs and other twisted appendages.

Gene P is associated with the 'prickly' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene P is covered with sharp bristles, giving it a spiky texture.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
eery, prickly	e	p	7,519
eery	e	+	24,764
prickly	+	p	25,182
wildtype	+	+	7,535
TOTAL =			65,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^7,519/_65,000 = ^7,519/_65,000 = 0.1157 = 11.57 cM Incorrect ^7,535/_65,000 = ^7,535/_65,000 = 0.1159 = 11.59 cM Incorrect ^{(7,519 + 7,535)}/_65,000 = ^15,054/_65,000 = 0.2316 = 23.16 cM Correct ^24,764/_65,000 = ^24,764/_65,000 = 0.3810 = 38.10 cM Incorrect ^25,182/_65,000 = ^25,182/_65,000 = 0.3874 = 38.74 cM Incorrect ^{(7,535 + 24,764)}/_65,000 = ^32,299/_65,000 = 0.4969 = 49.69 cM Incorrect MC

2425_5fdb

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene N is associated with the 'nerdy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene N has large, prominent eyes that stand out, much like thick-rimmed glasses.

Gene X is correlated with the 'xanthic' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene X has a fluorescent bright yellow coloring.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
nerdy, xanthic	n	x	31,233
nerdy	n	+	4,886
xanthic	+	x	4,800
wildtype	+	+	31,581
TOTAL =			72,500

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^4,800/_72,500 = ^4,800/_72,500 = 0.0662 = 6.62 cM Incorrect ^4,886/_72,500 = ^4,886/_72,500 = 0.0674 = 6.74 cM Incorrect ^{(4,800 + 4,886)}/_72,500 = ^9,686/_72,500 = 0.1336 = 13.36 cM Correct ^31,233/_72,500 = ^31,233/_72,500 = 0.4308 = 43.08 cM Incorrect ^31,581/_72,500 = ^31,581/_72,500 = 0.4356 = 43.56 cM Incorrect ^{(4,800 + 31,581)}/_72,500 = ^36,381/_72,500 = 0.5018 = 50.18 cM Incorrect MC

cb31_c947

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene F is connected with the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Gene H is affiliated with the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
fuzzy, horsey	f	h	1,426
fuzzy	f	+	4,848
horsey	+	h	4,847
wildtype	+	+	1,379
TOTAL =			12,500

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^1,379/_12,500 = ^1,379/_12,500 = 0.1103 = 11.03 cM Incorrect ^1,426/_12,500 = ^1,426/_12,500 = 0.1141 = 11.41 cM Incorrect ^{(1,379 + 1,426)}/_12,500 = ^2,805/_12,500 = 0.2244 = 22.44 cM Correct ^4,847/_12,500 = ^4,847/_12,500 = 0.3878 = 38.78 cM Incorrect ^{(1,379 + 4,847)}/_12,500 = ^6,226/_12,500 = 0.4981 = 49.81 cM Incorrect ^{(1,426 + 4,848)}/_12,500 = ^6,274/_12,500 = 0.5019 = 50.19 cM Incorrect MC

da26_bae5

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene F is associated with the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Gene J is correlated with the 'jerky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene J moves in rapid and sudden movements, displaying an unpredictable flight pattern.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
fuzzy, jerky	f	j	58
fuzzy	f	+	220
jerky	+	j	251
wildtype	+	+	71
TOTAL =			600

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

⁵⁸/₆₀₀ = ⁵⁸/₆₀₀ = 0.0967 = 9.67 cM Incorrect ⁷¹/₆₀₀ = ⁷¹/₆₀₀ = 0.1183 = 11.83 cM Incorrect ^{(58 + 71)}/₆₀₀ = ¹²⁹/₆₀₀ = 0.2150 = 21.50 cM Correct ²²⁰/₆₀₀ = ²²⁰/₆₀₀ = 0.3667 = 36.67 cM Incorrect ²⁵¹/₆₀₀ = ²⁵¹/₆₀₀ = 0.4183 = 41.83 cM Incorrect ^{(71 + 251)}/₆₀₀ = ³²²/₆₀₀ = 0.5367 = 53.67 cM Incorrect MC

f5f3_966e

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene K is associated with the 'kidney' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene K has a body shape that is curved, similar to a kidney bean.

Gene P is affiliated with the 'prickly' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene P is covered with sharp bristles, giving it a spiky texture.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
kidney, prickly	k	p	241
kidney	k	+	872
prickly	+	p	866
wildtype	+	+	221
TOTAL =			2,200

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

²²¹/_2,200 = ²²¹/_2,200 = 0.1005 = 10.05 cM Incorrect ²⁴¹/_2,200 = ²⁴¹/_2,200 = 0.1095 = 10.95 cM Incorrect ^{(221 + 241)}/_2,200 = ⁴⁶²/_2,200 = 0.2100 = 21.00 cM Correct ⁸⁶⁶/_2,200 = ⁸⁶⁶/_2,200 = 0.3936 = 39.36 cM Incorrect ⁸⁷²/_2,200 = ⁸⁷²/_2,200 = 0.3964 = 39.64 cM Incorrect ^{(241 + 872)}/_2,200 = ^1,113/_2,200 = 0.5059 = 50.59 cM Incorrect MC

bc83_6b8e

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene T is linked with the 'tipsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene T moves in an erratic path, suggesting a lack of coordination, as if intoxicated.

Gene W is analogous to the 'waxy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene W has a thick protective layer that is water resistant and opague.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
tipsy, waxy	t	w	30,873
tipsy	t	+	83,969
waxy	+	w	83,632
wildtype	+	+	31,526
TOTAL =			230,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^30,873/_230,000 = ^30,873/_230,000 = 0.1342 = 13.42 cM Incorrect ^31,526/_230,000 = ^31,526/_230,000 = 0.1371 = 13.71 cM Incorrect ^{(30,873 + 31,526)}/_230,000 = ^62,399/_230,000 = 0.2713 = 27.13 cM Correct ^83,632/_230,000 = ^83,632/_230,000 = 0.3636 = 36.36 cM Incorrect ^83,969/_230,000 = ^83,969/_230,000 = 0.3651 = 36.51 cM Incorrect ^{(30,873 + 83,969)}/_230,000 = ^114,842/_230,000 = 0.4993 = 49.93 cM Incorrect MC

dd48_c9cb

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene E is analogous to the 'eery' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene E appears to have something off, crooked limbs and other twisted appendages.

Gene T is related to the 'tipsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene T moves in an erratic path, suggesting a lack of coordination, as if intoxicated.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
eery, tipsy	e	t	24,225
eery	e	+	3,240
tipsy	+	t	3,338
wildtype	+	+	24,197
TOTAL =			55,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^3,240/_55,000 = ^3,240/_55,000 = 0.0589 = 5.89 cM Incorrect ^3,338/_55,000 = ^3,338/_55,000 = 0.0607 = 6.07 cM Incorrect ^{(3,240 + 3,338)}/_55,000 = ^6,578/_55,000 = 0.1196 = 11.96 cM Correct ^24,197/_55,000 = ^24,197/_55,000 = 0.4399 = 43.99 cM Incorrect ^24,225/_55,000 = ^24,225/_55,000 = 0.4405 = 44.05 cM Incorrect ^{(3,338 + 24,197)}/_55,000 = ^27,535/_55,000 = 0.5006 = 50.06 cM Incorrect MC

68f8_71d8

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene R is related to the 'rusty' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene R has a reddish-brown color, much like rusted iron metal.

Gene W is related to the 'waxy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene W has a thick protective layer that is water resistant and opague.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
rusty, waxy	r	w	5,223
rusty	r	+	24,621
waxy	+	w	24,795
wildtype	+	+	5,361
TOTAL =			60,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^5,223/_60,000 = ^5,223/_60,000 = 0.0871 = 8.71 cM Incorrect ^5,361/_60,000 = ^5,361/_60,000 = 0.0893 = 8.94 cM Incorrect ^{(5,223 + 5,361)}/_60,000 = ^10,584/_60,000 = 0.1764 = 17.64 cM Correct ^24,621/_60,000 = ^24,621/_60,000 = 0.4103 = 41.03 cM Incorrect ^24,795/_60,000 = ^24,795/_60,000 = 0.4133 = 41.33 cM Incorrect ^{(5,223 + 24,621)}/_60,000 = ^29,844/_60,000 = 0.4974 = 49.74 cM Incorrect MC

53f1_87df

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene D is affiliated with the 'dewy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene D appears moist, with its body covered in tiny droplets of water.

Gene Y is related to the 'yucky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene Y gives off an unpleasant odor and has a generally unappealing look.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
dewy, yucky	d	y	23,593
dewy	d	+	6,450
yucky	+	y	6,426
wildtype	+	+	23,531
TOTAL =			60,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^6,426/_60,000 = ^6,426/_60,000 = 0.1071 = 10.71 cM Incorrect ^6,450/_60,000 = ^6,450/_60,000 = 0.1075 = 10.75 cM Incorrect ^{(6,426 + 6,450)}/_60,000 = ^12,876/_60,000 = 0.2146 = 21.46 cM Correct ^23,531/_60,000 = ^23,531/_60,000 = 0.3922 = 39.22 cM Incorrect ^23,593/_60,000 = ^23,593/_60,000 = 0.3932 = 39.32 cM Incorrect ^{(6,450 + 23,593)}/_60,000 = ^30,043/_60,000 = 0.5007 = 50.07 cM Incorrect MC

926b_c190

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene C is affiliated with the 'chummy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene C shows behavior where it always maintains a close distance to other flies.

Gene N is affiliated with the 'nerdy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene N has large, prominent eyes that stand out, much like thick-rimmed glasses.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
chummy, nerdy	c	n	16,251
chummy	c	+	8,743
nerdy	+	n	8,627
wildtype	+	+	16,379
TOTAL =			50,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^8,627/_50,000 = ^8,627/_50,000 = 0.1725 = 17.25 cM Incorrect ^8,743/_50,000 = ^8,743/_50,000 = 0.1749 = 17.49 cM Incorrect ^16,251/_50,000 = ^16,251/_50,000 = 0.3250 = 32.50 cM Incorrect ^16,379/_50,000 = ^16,379/_50,000 = 0.3276 = 32.76 cM Incorrect ^{(8,627 + 8,743)}/_50,000 = ^17,370/_50,000 = 0.3474 = 34.74 cM Correct ^{(8,627 + 16,251)}/_50,000 = ^24,878/_50,000 = 0.4976 = 49.76 cM Incorrect MC

58ff_95b0

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene M is affiliated with the 'mushy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene M feels soft to the touch and unusually squishy, unlike the usual firmness.

Gene R is linked with the 'rusty' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene R has a reddish-brown color, much like rusted iron metal.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
mushy, rusty	m	r	1,016
mushy	m	+	8,459
rusty	+	r	8,470
wildtype	+	+	1,055
TOTAL =			19,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^1,016/_19,000 = ^1,016/_19,000 = 0.0535 = 5.35 cM Incorrect ^1,055/_19,000 = ^1,055/_19,000 = 0.0555 = 5.55 cM Incorrect ^{(1,016 + 1,055)}/_19,000 = ^2,071/_19,000 = 0.1090 = 10.90 cM Correct ^8,459/_19,000 = ^8,459/_19,000 = 0.4452 = 44.52 cM Incorrect ^8,470/_19,000 = ^8,470/_19,000 = 0.4458 = 44.58 cM Incorrect ^{(1,016 + 8,459)}/_19,000 = ^9,475/_19,000 = 0.4987 = 49.87 cM Incorrect MC

749b_950f

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene E is analogous to the 'eery' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene E appears to have something off, crooked limbs and other twisted appendages.

Gene T is analogous to the 'tipsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene T moves in an erratic path, suggesting a lack of coordination, as if intoxicated.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
eery, tipsy	e	t	38,855
eery	e	+	6,063
tipsy	+	t	5,934
wildtype	+	+	39,148
TOTAL =			90,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^5,934/_90,000 = ^5,934/_90,000 = 0.0659 = 6.59 cM Incorrect ^6,063/_90,000 = ^6,063/_90,000 = 0.0674 = 6.74 cM Incorrect ^{(5,934 + 6,063)}/_90,000 = ^11,997/_90,000 = 0.1333 = 13.33 cM Correct ^38,855/_90,000 = ^38,855/_90,000 = 0.4317 = 43.17 cM Incorrect ^39,148/_90,000 = ^39,148/_90,000 = 0.4350 = 43.50 cM Incorrect ^{(6,063 + 39,148)}/_90,000 = ^45,211/_90,000 = 0.5023 = 50.23 cM Incorrect MC

e2fd_9789

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene E is analogous to the 'eery' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene E appears to have something off, crooked limbs and other twisted appendages.

Gene T is linked with the 'tipsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene T moves in an erratic path, suggesting a lack of coordination, as if intoxicated.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
eery, tipsy	e	t	2,300
eery	e	+	910
tipsy	+	t	858
wildtype	+	+	2,432
TOTAL =			6,500

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

⁸⁵⁸/_6,500 = ⁸⁵⁸/_6,500 = 0.1320 = 13.20 cM Incorrect ⁹¹⁰/_6,500 = ⁹¹⁰/_6,500 = 0.1400 = 14.00 cM Incorrect ^{(858 + 910)}/_6,500 = ^1,768/_6,500 = 0.2720 = 27.20 cM Correct ^2,300/_6,500 = ^2,300/_6,500 = 0.3538 = 35.38 cM Incorrect ^2,432/_6,500 = ^2,432/_6,500 = 0.3742 = 37.42 cM Incorrect ^{(858 + 2,432)}/_6,500 = ^3,290/_6,500 = 0.5062 = 50.62 cM Incorrect MC

4a05_28a5

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene B is correlated with the 'bumpy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene B has a skin texture that is not smooth, but rough with small bumps all over.

Gene K is correlated with the 'kidney' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene K has a body shape that is curved, similar to a kidney bean.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
bumpy, kidney	b	k	687
bumpy	b	+	91
kidney	+	k	117
wildtype	+	+	705
TOTAL =			1,600

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

⁹¹/_1,600 = ⁹¹/_1,600 = 0.0569 = 5.69 cM Incorrect ¹¹⁷/_1,600 = ¹¹⁷/_1,600 = 0.0731 = 7.31 cM Incorrect ^{(91 + 117)}/_1,600 = ²⁰⁸/_1,600 = 0.1300 = 13.00 cM Correct ⁶⁸⁷/_1,600 = ⁶⁸⁷/_1,600 = 0.4294 = 42.94 cM Incorrect ⁷⁰⁵/_1,600 = ⁷⁰⁵/_1,600 = 0.4406 = 44.06 cM Incorrect ^{(91 + 687)}/_1,600 = ⁷⁷⁸/_1,600 = 0.4863 = 48.62 cM Incorrect MC

5559_c77a

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene H is correlated with the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Gene Y is linked with the 'yucky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene Y gives off an unpleasant odor and has a generally unappealing look.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
horsey, yucky	h	y	2,931
horsey	h	+	11,992
yucky	+	y	12,101
wildtype	+	+	2,976
TOTAL =			30,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^2,931/_30,000 = ^2,931/_30,000 = 0.0977 = 9.77 cM Incorrect ^2,976/_30,000 = ^2,976/_30,000 = 0.0992 = 9.92 cM Incorrect ^{(2,931 + 2,976)}/_30,000 = ^5,907/_30,000 = 0.1969 = 19.69 cM Correct ^11,992/_30,000 = ^11,992/_30,000 = 0.3997 = 39.97 cM Incorrect ^12,101/_30,000 = ^12,101/_30,000 = 0.4034 = 40.34 cM Incorrect ^{(2,931 + 11,992)}/_30,000 = ^14,923/_30,000 = 0.4974 = 49.74 cM Incorrect MC

36d4_7913

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene T is connected with the 'tipsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene T moves in an erratic path, suggesting a lack of coordination, as if intoxicated.

Gene X is analogous to the 'xanthic' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene X has a fluorescent bright yellow coloring.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
tipsy, xanthic	t	x	9,139
tipsy	t	+	35,864
xanthic	+	x	35,893
wildtype	+	+	9,104
TOTAL =			90,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^9,104/_90,000 = ^9,104/_90,000 = 0.1012 = 10.12 cM Incorrect ^9,139/_90,000 = ^9,139/_90,000 = 0.1015 = 10.15 cM Incorrect ^{(9,104 + 9,139)}/_90,000 = ^18,243/_90,000 = 0.2027 = 20.27 cM Correct ^35,864/_90,000 = ^35,864/_90,000 = 0.3985 = 39.85 cM Incorrect ^35,893/_90,000 = ^35,893/_90,000 = 0.3988 = 39.88 cM Incorrect ^{(9,104 + 35,893)}/_90,000 = ^44,997/_90,000 = 0.5000 = 50.00 cM Incorrect MC

1585_8ea4

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene F is related to the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Gene K is analogous to the 'kidney' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene K has a body shape that is curved, similar to a kidney bean.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
fuzzy, kidney	f	k	30,208
fuzzy	f	+	5,848
kidney	+	k	5,984
wildtype	+	+	30,460
TOTAL =			72,500

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^5,848/_72,500 = ^5,848/_72,500 = 0.0807 = 8.07 cM Incorrect ^5,984/_72,500 = ^5,984/_72,500 = 0.0825 = 8.25 cM Incorrect ^{(5,848 + 5,984)}/_72,500 = ^11,832/_72,500 = 0.1632 = 16.32 cM Correct ^30,208/_72,500 = ^30,208/_72,500 = 0.4167 = 41.67 cM Incorrect ^30,460/_72,500 = ^30,460/_72,500 = 0.4201 = 42.01 cM Incorrect ^{(5,848 + 30,460)}/_72,500 = ^36,308/_72,500 = 0.5008 = 50.08 cM Incorrect MC

fd72_02b0

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene D is correlated with the 'dewy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene D appears moist, with its body covered in tiny droplets of water.

Gene H is correlated with the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
dewy, horsey	d	h	12,916
dewy	d	+	37,107
horsey	+	h	36,963
wildtype	+	+	13,014
TOTAL =			100,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^12,916/_100,000 = ^12,916/_100,000 = 0.1292 = 12.92 cM Incorrect ^13,014/_100,000 = ^13,014/_100,000 = 0.1301 = 13.01 cM Incorrect ^{(12,916 + 13,014)}/_100,000 = ^25,930/_100,000 = 0.2593 = 25.93 cM Correct ^36,963/_100,000 = ^36,963/_100,000 = 0.3696 = 36.96 cM Incorrect ^37,107/_100,000 = ^37,107/_100,000 = 0.3711 = 37.11 cM Incorrect ^{(13,014 + 36,963)}/_100,000 = ^49,977/_100,000 = 0.4998 = 49.98 cM Incorrect MC

f010_1bec

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene E is connected with the 'eery' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene E appears to have something off, crooked limbs and other twisted appendages.

Gene F is analogous to the 'fuzzy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene F is covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving it a soft appearance.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
eery, fuzzy	e	f	16,978
eery	e	+	28,083
fuzzy	+	f	27,915
wildtype	+	+	17,024
TOTAL =			90,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^16,978/_90,000 = ^16,978/_90,000 = 0.1886 = 18.86 cM Incorrect ^17,024/_90,000 = ^17,024/_90,000 = 0.1892 = 18.92 cM Incorrect ^27,915/_90,000 = ^27,915/_90,000 = 0.3102 = 31.02 cM Incorrect ^28,083/_90,000 = ^28,083/_90,000 = 0.3120 = 31.20 cM Incorrect ^{(16,978 + 17,024)}/_90,000 = ^34,002/_90,000 = 0.3778 = 37.78 cM Correct ^{(16,978 + 27,915)}/_90,000 = ^44,893/_90,000 = 0.4988 = 49.88 cM Incorrect MC

268e_d7d0

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene C is affiliated with the 'chummy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene C shows behavior where it always maintains a close distance to other flies.

Gene E is correlated with the 'eery' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene E appears to have something off, crooked limbs and other twisted appendages.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
chummy, eery	c	e	21,931
chummy	c	+	7,977
eery	+	e	8,127
wildtype	+	+	21,965
TOTAL =			60,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^7,977/_60,000 = ^7,977/_60,000 = 0.1330 = 13.30 cM Incorrect ^8,127/_60,000 = ^8,127/_60,000 = 0.1354 = 13.54 cM Incorrect ^{(7,977 + 8,127)}/_60,000 = ^16,104/_60,000 = 0.2684 = 26.84 cM Correct ^21,931/_60,000 = ^21,931/_60,000 = 0.3655 = 36.55 cM Incorrect ^21,965/_60,000 = ^21,965/_60,000 = 0.3661 = 36.61 cM Incorrect ^{(8,127 + 21,931)}/_60,000 = ^30,058/_60,000 = 0.5010 = 50.10 cM Incorrect MC

fa59_6871

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene H is affiliated with the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Gene Y is associated with the 'yucky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene Y gives off an unpleasant odor and has a generally unappealing look.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
horsey, yucky	h	y	74,866
horsey	h	+	25,072
yucky	+	y	25,068
wildtype	+	+	74,994
TOTAL =			200,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^25,068/_200,000 = ^25,068/_200,000 = 0.1253 = 12.53 cM Incorrect ^25,072/_200,000 = ^25,072/_200,000 = 0.1254 = 12.54 cM Incorrect ^{(25,068 + 25,072)}/_200,000 = ^50,140/_200,000 = 0.2507 = 25.07 cM Correct ^74,866/_200,000 = ^74,866/_200,000 = 0.3743 = 37.43 cM Incorrect ^74,994/_200,000 = ^74,994/_200,000 = 0.3750 = 37.50 cM Incorrect ^{(25,072 + 74,866)}/_200,000 = ^99,938/_200,000 = 0.4997 = 49.97 cM Incorrect MC

268b_17c4

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene B is analogous to the 'bumpy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene B has a skin texture that is not smooth, but rough with small bumps all over.

Gene X is affiliated with the 'xanthic' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene X has a fluorescent bright yellow coloring.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
bumpy, xanthic	b	x	8,720
bumpy	b	+	1,390
xanthic	+	x	1,340
wildtype	+	+	8,550
TOTAL =			20,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^1,340/_20,000 = ^1,340/_20,000 = 0.0670 = 6.70 cM Incorrect ^1,390/_20,000 = ^1,390/_20,000 = 0.0695 = 6.95 cM Incorrect ^{(1,340 + 1,390)}/_20,000 = ^2,730/_20,000 = 0.1365 = 13.65 cM Correct ^8,550/_20,000 = ^8,550/_20,000 = 0.4275 = 42.75 cM Incorrect ^8,720/_20,000 = ^8,720/_20,000 = 0.4360 = 43.60 cM Incorrect ^{(1,390 + 8,720)}/_20,000 = ^10,110/_20,000 = 0.5055 = 50.55 cM Incorrect MC

00fe_003b

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene H is connected with the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Gene M is affiliated with the 'mushy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene M feels soft to the touch and unusually squishy, unlike the usual firmness.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
horsey, mushy	h	m	2,755
horsey	h	+	17,218
mushy	+	m	17,294
wildtype	+	+	2,733
TOTAL =			40,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^2,733/_40,000 = ^2,733/_40,000 = 0.0683 = 6.83 cM Incorrect ^2,755/_40,000 = ^2,755/_40,000 = 0.0689 = 6.89 cM Incorrect ^{(2,733 + 2,755)}/_40,000 = ^5,488/_40,000 = 0.1372 = 13.72 cM Correct ^17,218/_40,000 = ^17,218/_40,000 = 0.4304 = 43.05 cM Incorrect ^17,294/_40,000 = ^17,294/_40,000 = 0.4324 = 43.23 cM Incorrect ^{(2,733 + 17,294)}/_40,000 = ^20,027/_40,000 = 0.5007 = 50.07 cM Incorrect MC

60c5_d49b

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene T is linked with the 'tipsy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene T moves in an erratic path, suggesting a lack of coordination, as if intoxicated.

Gene Y is analogous to the 'yucky' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene Y gives off an unpleasant odor and has a generally unappealing look.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
tipsy, yucky	t	y	51,664
tipsy	t	+	84,026
yucky	+	y	83,293
wildtype	+	+	51,017
TOTAL =			270,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^51,017/_270,000 = ^51,017/_270,000 = 0.1890 = 18.90 cM Incorrect ^51,664/_270,000 = ^51,664/_270,000 = 0.1913 = 19.13 cM Incorrect ^83,293/_270,000 = ^83,293/_270,000 = 0.3085 = 30.85 cM Incorrect ^84,026/_270,000 = ^84,026/_270,000 = 0.3112 = 31.12 cM Incorrect ^{(51,017 + 51,664)}/_270,000 = ^102,681/_270,000 = 0.3803 = 38.03 cM Correct ^{(51,664 + 83,293)}/_270,000 = ^134,957/_270,000 = 0.4998 = 49.98 cM Incorrect MC

ebda_aa0a

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene D is affiliated with the 'dewy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene D appears moist, with its body covered in tiny droplets of water.

Gene M is associated with the 'mushy' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene M feels soft to the touch and unusually squishy, unlike the usual firmness.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
dewy, mushy	d	m	18,825
dewy	d	+	8,477
mushy	+	m	8,236
wildtype	+	+	18,462
TOTAL =			54,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^8,236/_54,000 = ^8,236/_54,000 = 0.1525 = 15.25 cM Incorrect ^8,477/_54,000 = ^8,477/_54,000 = 0.1570 = 15.70 cM Incorrect ^{(8,236 + 8,477)}/_54,000 = ^16,713/_54,000 = 0.3095 = 30.95 cM Correct ^18,462/_54,000 = ^18,462/_54,000 = 0.3419 = 34.19 cM Incorrect ^18,825/_54,000 = ^18,825/_54,000 = 0.3486 = 34.86 cM Incorrect ^{(8,236 + 18,462)}/_54,000 = ^26,698/_54,000 = 0.4944 = 49.44 cM Incorrect MC

371e_56a0

Two-Point Test Cross Problem

A standard two-point test cross involves crossing a heterozygous organism for both genes with an organism that is homozygous recessive for both genes

For this problem, a test cross using a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) heterozygous for two genes was conducted to understand their genetic interactions.

Characteristics of Recessive Phenotypes

Gene H is analogous to the 'horsey' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene H is quite big and strong-looking, much larger than your typical fruit fly.

Gene P is connected with the 'prickly' phenotype. A fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for Gene P is covered with sharp bristles, giving it a spiky texture.

Phenotype	Genotypes		Progeny Count
horsey, prickly	h	p	9,630
horsey	h	+	95,565
prickly	+	p	95,388
wildtype	+	+	9,417
TOTAL =			210,000

The resulting phenotypes are summarized in the table above.

Question

With the progeny data from the table, calculate the genetic distance between the two genes, expressing your answer in centimorgans (cM)

^9,417/_210,000 = ^9,417/_210,000 = 0.0448 = 4.48 cM Incorrect ^9,630/_210,000 = ^9,630/_210,000 = 0.0459 = 4.59 cM Incorrect ^{(9,417 + 9,630)}/_210,000 = ^19,047/_210,000 = 0.0907 = 9.07 cM Correct ^95,388/_210,000 = ^95,388/_210,000 = 0.4542 = 45.42 cM Incorrect ^95,565/_210,000 = ^95,565/_210,000 = 0.4551 = 45.51 cM Incorrect ^{(9,417 + 95,565)}/_210,000 = ^104,982/_210,000 = 0.4999 = 49.99 cM Incorrect