## DESCRIPTION
## Select the population genetic term that corresponds to the given definition.
## ENDDESCRIPTION
## KEYWORDS('population genetic terms','definitions','which one','multiple choice')
## DBsubject('Genetics')
## DBchapter('')
## DBsection('')
## Date('2026-07-12')
## Author('Neil R. Voss')
## Institution('Roosevelt University')
DOCUMENT();
loadMacros(
'PGstandard.pl',
'PGML.pl',
'PGchoicemacros.pl',
'parserRadioButtons.pl',
'PGcourse.pl',
);
TEXT(beginproblem());
$showPartialCorrectAnswers = 0;
#==========================================================
# QUESTION DATA
#==========================================================
# All questions data
@questions_data = (
{
'item_name' => 'unpredictable changes in the nucleotides that form a DNA sequence',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'gene flow',
'random mating',
'consanguineous mating',
],
'correct' => 'mutation',
},
{
'item_name' => 'only process that creates new genetic variations',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'gene flow',
'random mating',
'consanguineous mating',
],
'correct' => 'mutation',
},
{
'item_name' => 'a random change in the allele frequencies within a population',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'random mating',
'assortative mating',
'consanguineous mating',
],
'correct' => 'genetic drift',
},
{
'item_name' => 'stronger in small populations and decrease the overall fitness of that population',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'gene flow',
'random mating',
'assortative mating',
],
'correct' => 'genetic drift',
},
{
'item_name' => 'movement of alleles between populations',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'gene flow',
'random mating',
'assortative mating',
],
'correct' => 'gene flow',
},
{
'item_name' => 'mating in which partner choice is independent of genotype and phenotype',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'gene flow',
'random mating',
'consanguineous mating',
],
'correct' => 'random mating',
},
{
'item_name' => 'mating in which every individual has an equal chance of pairing with any compatible mate',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'gene flow',
'random mating',
'assortative mating',
],
'correct' => 'random mating',
},
{
'item_name' => 'mating between individuals with similar phenotypes',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'random mating',
'assortative mating',
'consanguineous mating',
],
'correct' => 'assortative mating',
},
{
'item_name' => 'mating between genetically related individuals',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'gene flow',
'random mating',
'consanguineous mating',
],
'correct' => 'consanguineous mating',
},
{
'item_name' => 'mating between relatives, such as first cousins',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'genetic drift',
'gene flow',
'assortative mating',
'consanguineous mating',
],
'correct' => 'consanguineous mating',
},
{
'item_name' => 'type of mating that reduces heterozygotes and increases homozygotes',
'plural_choice' => 'population genetic terms',
'singular_item' => 'definition',
'choices' => [
'mutation',
'gene flow',
'random mating',
'assortative mating',
'consanguineous mating',
],
'correct' => 'consanguineous mating',
},
);
#==========================================================
# SELECT RANDOM QUESTION
#==========================================================
my $local_random = PGrandom->new();
$local_random->srand($problemSeed);
$question_idx = $local_random->random(0, scalar(@questions_data) - 1, 1);
$q = $questions_data[$question_idx];
$item_name = $q->{'item_name'};
$plural_choice = $q->{'plural_choice'};
$singular_item = $q->{'singular_item'};
@choices = @{ $q->{'choices'} };
$correct = $q->{'correct'};
#==========================================================
# SHUFFLE CHOICES (SEED-STABLE)
#==========================================================
my @choice_indices = (0 .. $#choices);
my @choice_shuffled = ();
while (@choice_indices) {
my $pick = $local_random->random(0, $#choice_indices, 1);
push @choice_shuffled, splice(@choice_indices, $pick, 1);
}
@choices = @choices[@choice_shuffled];
#==========================================================
# BUILD RADIO BUTTONS
#==========================================================
$rb = RadioButtons(
[@choices],
$correct,
labels => 'ABC',
displayLabels => 1,
randomize => 0,
separator => '',
);
#==========================================================
# PGML
#==========================================================
BEGIN_PGML
Which one of the following [$plural_choice]* corresponds to the [$singular_item]* [$item_name]*?
[_]{$rb}
END_PGML
BEGIN_PGML_SOLUTION
The correct answer is: [$correct]*
END_PGML_SOLUTION
ENDDOCUMENT();