## TITLE('mRNA Translation Accuracy')
## DESCRIPTION
## Select the statement that is TRUE or FALSE about mRNA translation accuracy.
## ENDDESCRIPTION
## KEYWORDS('mRNA translation accuracy','true/false','multiple choice')
## DBsubject('Molecular Biology')
## DBchapter('')
## DBsection('')
## Date('2026-08-19')
## Author('Neil R. Voss')
## Institution('Roosevelt University')
DOCUMENT();
loadMacros(
"PGstandard.pl",
"PGML.pl",
"PGchoicemacros.pl",
"parserRadioButtons.pl",
"PGcourse.pl",
);
TEXT(beginproblem());
$showPartialCorrectAnswers = 1;
#==========================================================
# AUTO-GENERATED GROUPS FROM YAML
#==========================================================
@true_groups = (
[
'bonding of the tRNA anticodon to the mRNA codon.',
'bonding of the mRNA codon to the tRNA anticodon.',
'base-pairing of the mRNA codon to the tRNA anticodon.',
'base-pairing of the tRNA anticodon to the mRNA codon.',
],
[
'attachment of the specific amino acid to the tRNA.',
'covalent attachment of the specific amino acid to the tRNA CCA tail.',
'amino acid attached to tRNA by the synthase enzyme.',
'match between the attached amino acid and the tRNA anticodon',
'match between the tRNA anticodon and the attached amino acid',
],
);
@false_groups = (
[
'attachment of the carboxyl on the previous amino acid with the amine of the next amino acid.',
'attachment of the amine on the previous amino acid with the carboxyl of the next amino acid.',
],
[
'binding of the tRNA anticodon to small subunit of the ribosome.',
'binding of small subunit of the ribosome to mRNA.',
q{binding of small subunit of the ribosome to the mRNA's Shine-Delgarno sequence.},
],
[
'binding of the new tRNA molecule to the A-site of the ribosome.',
],
[
'removal of the tRNA molecule from the E-site of the ribosome.',
],
[
'binding of large subunit of the ribosome to the amino acyl-tRNA.',
q{binding of large subunit of the ribosome to the tRNA's CCA tail.},
],
[
'translocation of the tRNA molecule from the A-site to the E-site of the ribosome.',
'translocation of the tRNA molecule from the A-site to the P-site of the ribosome.',
'translocation of the tRNA molecule from the E-site to the A-site of the ribosome.',
'translocation of the tRNA molecule from the E-site to the P-site of the ribosome.',
'translocation of the tRNA molecule from the P-site to the A-site of the ribosome.',
'translocation of the tRNA molecule from the P-site to the E-site of the ribosome.',
],
);
#==========================================================
# GLOBAL SETTINGS
#==========================================================
$topic = 'mRNA translation accuracy';
my $local_random = PGrandom->new();
$local_random->srand($problemSeed);
my @mode_choices = ("TRUE", "FALSE");
$mode = $mode_choices[$local_random->random(0, $#mode_choices, 1)];
$num_distractors = 4;
# Question text with TRUE override
$question_true = 'Accuracy in translation of mRNA into a polypeptide depends on the correct ___.';
#==========================================================
# SELECT GROUP
#==========================================================
my (@selected_group, @opposite_groups);
if ($mode eq "TRUE") {
$group_index = $local_random->random(0, scalar(@true_groups)-1, 1);
@selected_group = @{ $true_groups[$group_index] };
@opposite_groups = @false_groups;
} else {
$group_index = $local_random->random(0, scalar(@false_groups)-1, 1);
@selected_group = @{ $false_groups[$group_index] };
@opposite_groups = @true_groups;
}
#==========================================================
# PICK CORRECT + DISTRACTORS
#==========================================================
my $correct_index = $local_random->random(0, $#selected_group, 1);
$correct = $selected_group[$correct_index];
my @available_group_indices = (0 .. $#opposite_groups);
my @selected_distractor_indices = ();
while (@selected_distractor_indices < $num_distractors && @available_group_indices > 0) {
my $random_index = $local_random->random(0, scalar(@available_group_indices)-1, 1);
push @selected_distractor_indices, splice(@available_group_indices, $random_index, 1);
}
@distractors = ();
foreach my $group_idx (@selected_distractor_indices) {
my @group = @{ $opposite_groups[$group_idx] };
my $distractor_index = $local_random->random(0, $#group, 1);
my $distractor = $group[$distractor_index];
push @distractors, $distractor;
}
@choices = ($correct, @distractors);
#==========================================================
# SHUFFLE CHOICES (SEED-STABLE)
#==========================================================
my @choice_indices = (0 .. $#choices);
my @choice_shuffled = ();
while (@choice_indices) {
my $pick = $local_random->random(0, $#choice_indices, 1);
push @choice_shuffled, splice(@choice_indices, $pick, 1);
}
@choices = @choices[@choice_shuffled];
#==========================================================
# RADIO BUTTONS WITH A/B/C/D/E LABELS
#==========================================================
$rb = RadioButtons(
[@choices],
$correct,
labels => ['A','B','C','D','E'],
displayLabels => 1,
randomize => 0,
separator => '',
);
#==========================================================
# PGML
#==========================================================
BEGIN_PGML
[@ $mode eq "TRUE" ? $question_true : "Which one of the following statements is FALSE about $topic?" @]*
[_]{$rb}
END_PGML
ENDDOCUMENT();