10: Population Genetics

Allele frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, inbreeding, and population-level variation.

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Conditions

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Which one of the following statements is TRUE concerning Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium conditions for non-evolving populations?

• some genotypes are more likely to survive than others
• some individuals are only mating with a subset of the population
• genetic drift is actively occuring
• new alleles are actively being added to the gene pool
• no emigration and no immgration is actively occuring

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Hardy-Weinberg Variables

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In the wetland population of snakes, there is a display of incomplete dominance in scale pattern. Individuals with two R alleles exhibit diamond pattern, those with one R allele and one r allele exhibit striped pattern, and those with two r alleles exhibit solid color.
A group of 625 snakes were observed. 429 had either striped pattern or solid color scale pattern, and did NOT have diamond pattern scale pattern.
Which Hardy-Weinberg variable is represented by the fraction 

429

625

 ?

• p — Frequency of the dominant allele
• q — Frequency of the recessive allele
• p² — Frequency of homozygous dominant individuals
• 2pq — Frequency of heterozygous individuals
• q² — Frequency of homozygous recessive individuals
• p² + 2pq — Frequency of individuals with the dominant phenotype
• 2pq + q² — Frequency of individuals that are NOT homozygous dominant

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