1: Biotech Basics and Central Dogma

Students explore the history of biotechnology, model organisms, bacteriophage, cell culture, subviral agents, the central dogma, and endosymbiotic theory.

Matching Industries to Project Descriptions

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Match each of the following industries with their corresponding descriptions.
Note: Each choice will be used exactly once.

	Your Choice	Prompt
	Drop Your Choice Here	1. Biotechnology
	Drop Your Choice Here	2. Pharmaceuticals
	Drop Your Choice Here	3. Engineering
	Drop Your Choice Here	4. Medical Devices

Drag one of the choices below:

A. designing a bicycle for humans to generate energy
B. eye contacts that can measure blood sugar levels from your tears
C. crossing a horse with a donkey to create a mule
D. using a novel drug to fight cancer

Matching Biotechnology-Adjacent Industries to Project Descriptions

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Match each of the following biotechnology adjacent industries with their corresponding project descriptions.
Note: Each choice will be used exactly once.

	Your Choice	Prompt
	Drop Your Choice Here	1. Modern Biotechnology
	Drop Your Choice Here	2. Traditional Biotechnology
	Drop Your Choice Here	3. Supplemental Industry/Traditional Remedies
	Drop Your Choice Here	4. Pharmaceuticals/Drug Manufacturing
	Drop Your Choice Here	5. Bio-engineering/Medical Devices

Drag one of the choices below:

A. Developing a drug to regulate gut microbiota to treat conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease.
B. Cultivating non-infectious viral particles to be used as a vaccine for immune system training.
C. Designing a robotic surgical assistant that enhances precision and minimizes tissue damage through real-time imaging and automated adjustments during surgery.
D. Making a liquid extract from echinacea and elderberry to help boost the immune system and support respiratory health.
E. Genetically engineering bacteria to produce high-performance PLA biopolymers via fermentation with improved degradation rates and functional properties for sustainable food packaging.

Matching Culture Enrichment Methods to Descriptions

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Match each of the following methods of culture enrichment with their corresponding descriptions.
Note: Each choice will be used exactly once.

	Your Choice	Prompt
	Drop Your Choice Here	1. RNA stable isotope probing (RNA-SIP)
	Drop Your Choice Here	2. stable isotope probing (SIP)
	Drop Your Choice Here	3. suppressive subtraction hybridization (SSH)
	Drop Your Choice Here	4. BrdU

Drag one of the choices below:

A. relies on the consuption of a substrate that is highly enriched by an isotope, such as ¹³C
B. a labeled nucleotide is incorporated into the DNA of actively growing bacteria or viruses
C. adding heavy isotopes into SSU ribosomal RNA to distinguish metabolically active organisms
D. compares microorganisms present in two different samples by removing identical DNA

True/False Statements About Nobel Prizes in Biotechnology

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BONUS: Which of the following was a topic of the 2022 Nobel Prizes awarded this week?

Industries from Project Descriptions

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Which one of the following industries correspond to the description 'use enzymes harvested from cells to purify water in underdeveloped areas of the world'.

Biotechnology-Adjacent Industries from Project Descriptions

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Which one of the following biotechnology adjacent industries correspond to the project description 'Crossing two apple varieties to create a new apple variety with improved taste or texture.'.

Culture Enrichment Methods from Descriptions

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Which one of the following methods of culture enrichment correspond to the description 'relies on the consuption of a substrate that is highly enriched by an isotope, such as ¹³C'.

Bacterial Nutrient Requirements in Mutant Metabolic Pathways (5 Metabolites)

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	enzyme 1		enzyme 2		enzyme 3		enzyme 4
H	⟶	K	⟶	M	⟶	T	⟶	X

Look at the metabolic pathway in the table above.
Metabolite X is needed for the bacteria to grow.
Consider a bacterial strain that is mutant for the gene coding for enzyme 1
Which nutrients, when added to minimal media, will help this bacteria grow?
Multiple answers may be correct.

Metabolic Pathway Precursor Order from Mutant Growth Data (4 Metabolites)

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A mutant screen was carried out to produce the diagram below. The diagram shows different classes (1-4) of mutants for metabolic precursors (W-Z) of a metabolic pathway to produce a product were characterized to either grow (+) or not grow (–) in minimal media.

	W	X	Y	Z
Class 1	+	+	+	+
Class 2	+	+	–	+
Class 3	+	–	–	–
Class 4	+	+	–	–

Write the metabolic precursors (W-Z) in their correct order for the pathway without spaces or dashes. For example, WXZY.

mRNA Sequences from DNA Templates (Fill in the Blank)

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3′–

G

G

G

,

A

G

C

,

A

C

T

–5′

Enter the sequence for the mRNA product in the 5′ to 3′ direction produced from transcription of the DNA template strand above.
you may include a comma every 3 letters, but do NOT include any extra commas or spaces in your answer.
also do NOT include the 5' and 3' in your answer.

mRNA Sequences from DNA Templates (5' and 3' Direction)

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3′–

C

T

A

,

C

C

G

,

T

A

A

–5′

Which one of the following sequences below would be the mRNA product produced from transcription of the DNA template strand above?
Hint: pay close attention to the 5′ and 3′ directions!

mRNA Sequences from DNA Templates (5' and 3' Fill in the Blank)

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5′–

G

T

C

,

T

C

G

,

G

A

A

–3′

What is the transcribed RNA sequence to the DNA non-template/coding strand sequence 5'-GTCTCGGAA-3' ?
you may include a comma every 3 letters, but do NOT include any extra commas or spaces in your answer.
Write your nucleotide sequence only in the 5′ -> 3′ direction

Peptide Sequences from mRNA Using the Genetic Code (10 Amino Acids)

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Second Letter

U

C

A

G

First
Letter

U

U

U

U

F

U

C

U

S

U

A

U

Y

U

G

U

C

Third
Letter

U

U

C

U

C

C

U

A

C

U

G

C

U

U

A

L

U

C

A

U

A

A

stop

U

G

A

stop

U

U

G

U

C

G

U

A

G

stop

U

G

G

W

C

C

U

U

L

C

C

U

P

C

A

U

H

C

G

U

R

C

U

C

C

C

C

C

A

C

C

G

C

C

U

A

C

C

A

C

A

A

Q

C

G

A

C

U

G

C

C

G

C

A

G

C

G

G

A

A

U

U

I

A

C

U

T

A

A

U

N

A

G

U

S

A

U

C

A

C

C

A

A

C

A

G

C

A

U

A

A

C

A

A

A

A

K

A

G

A

R

A

U

G

M

A

C

G

A

A

G

A

G

G

G

G

U

U

V

G

C

U

A

G

A

U

D

G

G

U

G

G

U

C

G

C

C

G

A

C

G

G

C

G

U

A

G

C

A

G

A

A

E

G

G

A

G

U

G

G

C

G

G

A

G

G

G

G

Using the Genetic Code table above, translate the following 33 nucleotide mRNA sequence into the single-letter peptide code.

5′–

A

U

G

,

G

A

A

,

G

C

A

,

A

C

C

,

U

A

U

,

U

G

U

,

A

U

A

,

A

G

G

,

U

G

U

,

G

C

U

,

U

A

G

–3′

Note:

Your answer will spell a combination of 2 five-letter words (that are also valid Wordle™ answers).
Enter your answer in the blank with no punctuation, only letters.