2: DNA and Genomics

Students analyze DNA isolation, FISH, SNP arrays, plasmids, gene libraries, PCR, Sanger and next-generation sequencing, RT-qPCR, CRISPR technology, RNA interference, GWAS, and synthetic biology.

Matching DNA Sequencing Techniques to Descriptions

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT WeBWorK PGML

Click to show Matching DNA Sequencing Techniques to Descriptions example problem

Match each of the following DNA sequencing techniques with their corresponding descriptions.
Note: Each choice will be used exactly once.

	Your Choice	Prompt
	Drop Your Choice Here	1. Classical Sanger sequencing
	Drop Your Choice Here	2. Illumina sequencing by synthesis
	Drop Your Choice Here	3. PacBio single molecule real time (SMRT) sequencing
	Drop Your Choice Here	4. Roche 454 pyrosequencing

Drag one of the choices below:

• A. detects a fluorescent tag on each nucleotide using a zero-mode waveguide with a single active DNA polymerase attached
• B. detects the light emitted from fluorescently tagged nucleotides as they are added to the DNA template
• C. detects the light from the luciferase enzyme as it consumes the diphosphate molecules released when nucleotides are added to the DNA template
• D. takes advantage that di-deoxynucleotide triphosphates terminate DNA strand elongation and molecules of different lengths can be separated on a gel

Check Answer Reset Game

 

Gene Expression Fold Change from RT-qPCR Data

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Gene Expression Fold Change from RT-qPCR Data example problem

	Untreated Cells		Cells Treated with Experimental Drug
	House Keeping Gene	Gene of Interest	House Keeping Gene	Gene of Interest
Well 1	20.5	24.6	20.7	20.1
Well 2	19.6	25.1	20.7	20.5
Well 3	20.4	24.1	20.3	21.7
mean Ct	20.2	24.6	20.6	20.8
ΔCt
ΔΔCt

Given the data in the table above calculate the fold change (2^|ΔΔCt|) value for the effect of the drug on the cells.
Note: answers need to be within 1% of the correct number to be correct.

Check Answer

 

True/False Statements About DNA Structure (BIOL 351)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT WeBWorK PGML

Click to show True/False Statements About DNA Structure (BIOL 351) example problem

Which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding the structure of DNA?

• A. DNA exists as a parallel double helix
• B. hydrogen bonds hold the two strands together
• C. the backbone contains only phosphate and sugar
• D. the phosphate groups are on the outside of the DNA double helix
• E. purine bases pair up with pyrimidine bases

Check Answer

 

True/False Statements About xDNA and XNA

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT WeBWorK PGML

Click to show True/False Statements About xDNA and XNA example problem

Which one of the following statements is FALSE concerning the structure of xDNA and XNA?

• A. XNA can base pair with natural DNA
• B. xDNA stands for expanded DNA because it is larger
• C. xDNA is wider than natural DNA
• D. XNA has a modified sugar backbone
• E. XNA stands for expanded DNA

Check Answer

 

DNA Sequencing Techniques from Descriptions

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT WeBWorK PGML

Click to show DNA Sequencing Techniques from Descriptions example problem

Which one of the following DNA sequencing techniques correspond to the description 'i'.

• A. Illumina sequencing by synthesis
• B. Ion Torrent semiconductor sequencing
• C. PacBio single molecule real time (SMRT) sequencing
• D. Terminal-dye Sanger sequencing

Check Answer

 

Amplicon Copy Number After PCR Rounds

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Amplicon Copy Number After PCR Rounds example problem

Starting with genomic DNA, how many copies of the double-stranded amplicon of the exact length are there after 21 rounds of PCR?

• A. 2¹⁷ = 131,072 complete copies
• B. 2¹⁸ = 262,144 complete copies
• C. 2¹⁹ = 524,288 complete copies
• D. 2²⁰ = 1,048,576 complete copies
• E. 2²¹ = 2,097,152 complete copies

Check Answer

 

DNA Base Composition Using Chargaff's Rules (5 Choices)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show DNA Base Composition Using Chargaff's Rules (5 Choices) example problem

According to Chargaff's rules concerning the base pairing composition in double-stranded DNA, consider a sample where the percentage composition of 18% is thymine.
What are the percentages of the other three bases?

• A. adenine (A): 32% — cytosine (C): 32% — guanine (G): 18%
• B. adenine (A): 25% — cytosine (C): 25% — guanine (G): 32%
• C. adenine (A): 32% — cytosine (C): 25% — guanine (G): 25%
• D. adenine (A): 18% — cytosine (C): 32% — guanine (G): 32%
• E. adenine (A): 32% — cytosine (C): 18% — guanine (G): 32%

Check Answer

 

Complementary DNA Sequences Without Direction Labels

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Complementary DNA Sequences Without Direction Labels example problem

DNA is organized as a double helix where two strands run in opposite, or anti-parallel, directions. The ends of these strands are referred to as 5′ (five prime) and 3′ (three prime) ends. The strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs. Specifically, adenine (A) forms a pair with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). This base pairing is critical for the stability of the DNA molecule and is central to processes like DNA replication and transcription.

 

C

C

T

,

A

G

T

,

G

T

A

Which one of the following DNA sequences is complementary to the direction-less DNA sequence shown above?

• A.  

  G

  G

  A

  ,

  T

  C

  A

  ,

  C

  A

  T

• B.  

  C

  C

  T

  ,

  A

  C

  A

  ,

  C

  A

  T

• C.  

  A

  T

  G

  ,

  T

  G

  A

  ,

  T

  C

  C

• D.  

  A

  T

  C

  ,

  C

  G

  T

  ,

  G

  T

  A

• E.  

  G

  G

  A

  ,

  T

  G

  T

  ,

  G

  T

  A

Check Answer

 

Degenerate Primer Codes from Sequence Alignments

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Degenerate Primer Codes from Sequence Alignments example problem

G	A	T	,	G	A	A	,	G	T	T
A	A	G	,	G	A	A	,	G	T	A
G	A	T	,	G	A	A	,	C	T	T
A	A	G	,	G	A	A	,	G	T	T
A	A	G	,	G	A	A	,	C	T	A
A	A	T	,	G	A	A	,	C	T	A
A	A	G	,	G	A	A	,	C	T	G
G	A	G	,	G	A	A	,	G	T	A
A	A	T	,	G	A	A	,	G	T	G
T	A	T	,	G	A	A	,	C	T	T

What is the arbritrary sequence code for degenerate primer design in the table above?
You may include a comma every 3 letters, but do NOT include any extra commas or spaces in your answer.

Check Answer

 

Consensus Sequences from Simple Alignments (Fill in the Blank)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Consensus Sequences from Simple Alignments (Fill in the Blank) example problem

T	G	G	,	C	T	T	,	G	C	G
C	G	G	,	C	G	T	,	T	A	G
G	G	G	,	C	G	A	,	C	G	C
C	G	G	,	C	C	C	,	C	G	A
C	G	G	,	C	G	G	,	C	G	G
C	C	G	,	T	G	T	,	C	G	G
C	T	A	,	A	A	T	,	C	G	T
A	A	T	,	G	G	T	,	C	G	G
C	G	C	,	C	G	T	,	A	T	G

What is the consensus sequence for the table above?
you may include a comma every 3 letters, but do not include any extra commas or spaces in your answer.

Check Answer

 

Consensus Sequences from Tables (Fill in the Blank)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Consensus Sequences from Tables (Fill in the Blank) example problem

T

G

C

,

A

G

C

,

C

T

G

,

T

T

C

T

T

T

,

G

C

G

,

T

C

T

,

A

T

C

C

G

A

,

G

C

G

,

G

T

A

,

C

A

G

C

C

C

,

G

A

G

,

C

A

T

,

C

C

A

C

C

G

,

C

G

A

,

C

T

T

,

G

G

A

T

A

G

,

A

A

G

,

A

T

A

,

A

T

T

G

C

C

,

T

T

G

,

G

G

A

,

C

C

C

C

A

C

,

G

A

T

,

T

T

A

,

G

T

G

C

C

T

,

C

A

G

,

A

G

A

,

C

C

C

What is the consensus sequence for the table above?
you may include a comma every 3 letters, but do not include any extra commas or spaces in your answer.

Check Answer

 

Consensus Sequences from Alignments (Multiple Choice)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Consensus Sequences from Alignments (Multiple Choice) example problem

What would be the consensus sequence for the following aligned sequences?

C	C	T	,	C	C	T	,	C	A	C
C	C	G	,	C	C	C	,	T	C	C
C	G	G	,	A	C	C	,	A	C	G
C	T	G	,	C	T	A	,	A	C	C

• A.

  C

  G

  G

  ,

  C

  C

  C

  ,

  A

  C

  C

• B.

  C

  C

  G

  ,

  C

  C

  C

  ,

  A

  C

  C

• C.

  C

  C

  T

  ,

  A

  C

  C

  ,

  A

  C

  C

• D.

  C

  C

  G

  ,

  C

  C

  C

  ,

  T

  C

  C

• E.

  C

  C

  G

  ,

  C

  C

  T

  ,

  A

  C

  C

Check Answer

 

DNA Fragment Migration in Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (Closest/Farthest)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show DNA Fragment Migration in Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (Closest/Farthest) example problem

Which one of the following fragments of DNA would travel furthest from the wells during agarose gel electrophoresis?

• A. 100 base pairs
• B. 750 base pairs
• C. 1,500 base pairs
• D. 7,000 base pairs

Check Answer

 

DNA Fragment Size from Agarose Gel Migration (Numeric)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show DNA Fragment Size from Agarose Gel Migration (Numeric) example problem

Gel Migration Problem

DNA Marker	# of Base Pairs (bp)	Migration Distance (cm)
500 base pairs	500	2.82
1,000 base pairs	1000	2.42
2,000 base pairs	2000	2.03
3,000 base pairs	3000	1.80
5,000 base pairs	5000	1.50
10,000 base pairs	10000	1.11
Unknown	? ?	1.69

The standard DNA ladder and unknown DNA strand listed in the table were separated using an agarose gel
Estimate the number of base pairs of the unknown DNA strand.
Note: answers need to be within 14% of the correct number to be correct.

Check Answer

 

DNA Melting Temperature Extremes from Sequence (12 Bases)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show DNA Melting Temperature Extremes from Sequence (12 Bases) example problem

Which one of the following DNA sequences below will have the LOWEST melting point (T_m).

Hint: I tried to make this question pretty easy and it does not require a calculator.

• A.

  5′–

  G

  G

  C

  ,

  G

  A

  G

  ,

  G

  A

  G

  ,

  C

  G

  C

  –3′

  3′–

  C

  C

  G

  ,

  C

  T

  C

  ,

  C

  T

  C

  ,

  G

  C

  G

  –5′

• B.

  5′–

  G

  T

  A

  ,

  T

  A

  A

  ,

  T

  C

  A

  ,

  G

  T

  T

  –3′

  3′–

  C

  A

  T

  ,

  A

  T

  T

  ,

  A

  G

  T

  ,

  C

  A

  A

  –5′

• C.

  5′–

  G

  G

  C

  ,

  C

  G

  G

  ,

  C

  G

  G

  ,

  T

  A

  T

  –3′

  3′–

  C

  C

  G

  ,

  G

  C

  C

  ,

  G

  C

  C

  ,

  A

  T

  A

  –5′

• D.

  5′–

  G

  G

  C

  ,

  G

  G

  C

  ,

  G

  G

  T

  ,

  A

  A

  T

  –3′

  3′–

  C

  C

  G

  ,

  C

  C

  G

  ,

  C

  C

  A

  ,

  T

  T

  A

  –5′

Check Answer

 

Offspring HLA Genotypes (2 Markers, Color)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Offspring HLA Genotypes (2 Markers, Color) example problem

HLA genotyping serves as a key component in the field of immunogenetics. It is used for understanding individual variations in immune responses. This molecular technique identifies unique alleles on paired chromosomes. It's particularly vital in organ transplantation for matching donors and recipients. Finding a correct match reduces the chance for graft rejection.
A mother has a HLA genotype of A9,B9 on one chromosome and A7,B5 on the other chromosome.
The father has a HLA genotype of A2,B6 on one chromosome and A3,B8 on the other chromosome.
Which one of the following combinations is a possible genotype for their offspring?

• A. A2,B6,A3,B8
• B. B6,A3,A7,B9
• C. A2,B6,A9,B9
• D. A2,B8,B5,A9
• E. A7,B5,A9,B9

Check Answer

 

Inverse PCR Primer Selection (15 nt)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Inverse PCR Primer Selection (15 nt) example problem

EcoR1 overhang	left unknown sequence	central known sequence	right unknown sequence	EcoR1 overhang
5′–      A   A   ,   T   T   C  – 3′–              ,           G  –	–  N   N   N   ,   N   N   N   ,   N   N   N  – –  N   N   N   ,   N   N   N   ,   N   N   N  –	–  G   G   T   ,   A   A   C   ,   T   T   T   ,   C   A   G   ,   A   A   T  – –  C   C   A   ,   T   T   G   ,   A   A   A   ,   G   T   C   ,   T   T   A  –	–  N   N   N   ,   N   N   N   ,   N   N   N  – –  N   N   N   ,   N   N   N   ,   N   N   N  –	–  G           ,              –3′ –  C   T   T   ,   A   A      –5′

Choose the correct pair of RNA primers that will amplify the both the known and unknown region of DNA shown above using inverse PCR.
The RNA primers are 6 bases in length.
Pay close attention to the 5′ and 3′ ends of the primers.

• A.  

  5′–

  G

  U

  U

  ,

  A

  C

  C

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  U

  A

  A

  ,

  G

  A

  C

  –3′

• B.  

  5′–

  G

  U

  U

  ,

  A

  C

  C

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  C

  A

  G

  ,

  A

  A

  U

  –3′

• C.  

  5′–

  C

  A

  G

  ,

  A

  A

  U

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  C

  C

  A

  ,

  U

  U

  G

  –3′

• D.  

  5′–

  G

  U

  U

  ,

  A

  C

  C

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  A

  U

  U

  ,

  C

  U

  G

  –3′

• E.  

  5′–

  C

  A

  A

  ,

  U

  G

  G

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  G

  U

  C

  ,

  U

  U

  A

  –3′

• F.  

  5′–

  C

  C

  A

  ,

  U

  U

  G

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  U

  A

  A

  ,

  G

  A

  C

  –3′

Check Answer

 

Restriction Fragment Sizes (12 Length, 2 Sites)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Restriction Fragment Sizes (12 Length, 2 Sites) example problem

DNA Fragment Question: Shown below is a short DNA fragment that is only 12 kb in length. This fragment has been isolated for restriction enzyme analysis.

											NaeI						PvuI						NaeI
	0		1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10		11		12

Two (2) distinct types of restriction enzyme recognition sites, NaeI and PvuI, are labeled at the top of this DNA segment.

Determine the sizes of the DNA bands that would appear on an agarose gel after digestion with NaeI only.

• A. 1 kb
• B. 2 kb
• C. 3 kb
• D. 4 kb
• E. 5 kb
• F. 6 kb
• G. 7 kb

Check Answer Clear Selection

 

Nested PCR Primer Pair Selection (24 nt)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Nested PCR Primer Pair Selection (24 nt) example problem

5′–  G   G   A   ,   T   G   A  – 3′–  C   C   T   ,   A   C   T  –

–  T   G   C   ,   A   T   T   ,   G   G   T   ,   C   C   A   ,   A   G   T   ,   A   C   G   ,   T   C   C   ,   G   A   C  – –  A   C   G   ,   T   A   A   ,   C   C   A   ,   G   G   T   ,   T   C   A   ,   T   G   C   ,   A   G   G   ,   C   T   G  –

–  C   A   A   ,   G   C   T  –3′ –  G   T   T   ,   C   G   A  –5′

The amplicon sequence of DNA shown above was replicated using 30 cycles of PCR, using the primers 5′-GGATGA-3′ and 5′-AGCTTG-3′.
But the first PCR run contained significant contamination due to mispriming. Probably from using too short of primers that were only 6 nucleotide in length.
Choose the correct pair of RNA primers that will amplify the remaining region of DNA inside the old primers using nested PCR. The nested RNA primers are 6 bases in length.
Pay close attention to the 5′ and 3′ ends of the primers.

• A.  

  5′–

  U

  G

  C

  ,

  A

  U

  U

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  G

  U

  C

  ,

  G

  G

  A

  –3′

• B.  

  5′–

  A

  C

  G

  ,

  U

  A

  A

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  A

  A

  U

  ,

  G

  C

  A

  –3′

• C.  

  5′–

  U

  G

  C

  ,

  A

  U

  U

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  A

  G

  G

  ,

  C

  U

  G

  –3′

• D.  

  5′–

  A

  C

  G

  ,

  U

  A

  A

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  A

  G

  G

  ,

  C

  U

  G

  –3′

• E.  

  5′–

  U

  U

  A

  ,

  C

  G

  U

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  A

  G

  G

  ,

  C

  U

  G

  –3′

• F.  

  5′–

  G

  U

  C

  ,

  G

  G

  A

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  U

  U

  A

  ,

  C

  G

  U

  –3′

Check Answer

 

Restriction Enzyme Overhang Sequences

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Restriction Enzyme Overhang Sequences example problem

Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences to produce fragments for further study. These enzymes are obtained from various types of bacteria and have the ability to recognize short nucleotide sequences within a larger DNA molecule.
The restriction enzyme we are focusing on is Bsp1407I, which is derived from the bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus RFL1407.
Bsp1407I cuts the DNA sequence as follows: 5'-T|GTACA-3', where the '|' indicates the cleavage site.
Based on this information, which one of the following sequences below corresponds to the overhang region of the DNA after cleavage by the restriction enzyme Bsp1407I?

• A. 5'-CATG-3'
• B. 5'-CATGT-3'
• C. 5'-GTAC-3'
• D. 5'-GTACA-3'
• E. 5'-TGTAC-3'

Check Answer

 

Restriction Enzyme Cut Types (5', 3', or Blunt)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Restriction Enzyme Cut Types (5', 3', or Blunt) example problem

Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences to produce fragments for further study. These enzymes are obtained from various types of bacteria and have the ability to recognize short nucleotide sequences within a larger DNA molecule.
The restriction enzyme we are focusing on is Eco105I and is obtained from the bacteria Escherichia coli RFL105.
Eco105I cuts the DNA sequence as follows: 5'-TAC|GTA-3' where the '|' indicates the cut location.
Based on this info, can you identify the type of cut this enzyme makes?

• A. 3′ overhang
• B. 5′ overhang
• C. blunt

Check Answer

 

Palindromic DNA Sequence Completion

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show Palindromic DNA Sequence Completion example problem

The following numbered sequences only contains half of a palindromic sequence.
Match the correct lettered sequence that would finish and replace the 'N's in the sequence to make them palindromes.
Letters will be used exactly once.

	Your Choice	Prompt
	Drop Your Choice Here	1.   5′–  G   N   N   N  –3′
	Drop Your Choice Here	2.   5′–  G   C   C   ,   N   N   N  –3′
	Drop Your Choice Here	3.   5′–  G   N   N   N   ,   C   G   G   C  –3′
	Drop Your Choice Here	4.   5′–  C   N   N   N  –3′

Drag one of the choices below:

• A.  

  G

  C

  C

• B.  

  G

  G

  C

• C.  

  C

  G

  G

• D.  

  C

  C

  G

Check Answer Reset Game

 

PCR Primer Selection (36 bp Template, 9-nt Primers)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show PCR Primer Selection (36 bp Template, 9-nt Primers) example problem

5′–

C

C

A

,

G

T

G

,

G

T

C

,

A

C

T

,

A

C

G

,

C

T

A

,

A

G

G

,

T

T

C

,

T

G

C

,

G

T

A

,

C

G

C

,

T

C

A

–3′

3′–

G

G

T

,

C

A

C

,

C

A

G

,

T

G

A

,

T

G

C

,

G

A

T

,

T

C

C

,

A

A

G

,

A

C

G

,

C

A

T

,

G

C

G

,

A

G

T

–5′

Choose the correct pair of RNA primers that will amplify the entire region of DNA shown above using PCR. The RNA primers are 9 bases in length.
Pay close attention to the 5′ and 3′ ends of the primers.

• A.  

  5′–

  C

  C

  A

  ,

  G

  U

  G

  ,

  G

  U

  C

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  C

  A

  U

  ,

  G

  C

  G

  ,

  A

  G

  U

  –3′

• B.  

  5′–

  G

  G

  U

  ,

  C

  A

  C

  ,

  C

  A

  G

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  U

  G

  A

  ,

  G

  C

  G

  ,

  U

  A

  C

  –3′

• C.  

  5′–

  C

  C

  A

  ,

  G

  U

  G

  ,

  G

  U

  C

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  U

  G

  A

  ,

  G

  C

  G

  ,

  U

  A

  C

  –3′

• D.  

  5′–

  C

  A

  U

  ,

  G

  C

  G

  ,

  A

  G

  U

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  G

  A

  C

  ,

  C

  A

  C

  ,

  U

  G

  G

  –3′

• E.  

  5′–

  C

  U

  G

  ,

  G

  U

  G

  ,

  A

  C

  C

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  C

  A

  U

  ,

  G

  C

  G

  ,

  A

  G

  U

  –3′

• F.  

  5′–

  U

  G

  A

  ,

  G

  C

  G

  ,

  U

  A

  C

  –3′

  AND  

  5′–

  C

  U

  G

  ,

  G

  U

  G

  ,

  A

  C

  C

  –3′

Check Answer

 

RFLP Paternity Testing (EASY, 3 Males)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show RFLP Paternity Testing (EASY, 3 Males) example problem

The Question

Who is the father of the child?

Mother

Child

Male 1

Male 2

Male 3

Background

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) is a molecular biology technique used to distinguish between closely related DNA samples. It's commonly employed in paternity tests, among other applications.

Disclaimer

In actual diagnostic processes, the results of RFLP for confirming paternity are often cited to provide a 99.9% accuracy level or higher. However, no test is foolproof. Legal confirmation may involve additional procedures and evaluations to ensure the integrity and admissibility of the test.

Instructions

Use the provided DNA gel profile to determine paternity. Each band in the gel corresponds to a DNA fragment. Fragments are inherited; thus, the child's DNA will have overlapping fragments with the true father.

• A. Male #1
• B. Male #2
• C. Male #3

Check Answer

 

RFLP Paternity Testing (HARD, 9 Males)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show RFLP Paternity Testing (HARD, 9 Males) example problem

The Question

Who is the father of the child?

Mother

Child

Male 1

Male 2

Male 3

Male 4

Male 5

Male 6

Male 7

Male 8

Male 9

Background

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) is a molecular biology technique used to distinguish between closely related DNA samples. It's commonly employed in paternity tests, among other applications.

Disclaimer

In actual diagnostic processes, the results of RFLP for confirming paternity are often cited to provide a 99.9% accuracy level or higher. However, no test is foolproof. Legal confirmation may involve additional procedures and evaluations to ensure the integrity and admissibility of the test.

Instructions

Use the provided DNA gel profile to determine paternity. Each band in the gel corresponds to a DNA fragment. Fragments are inherited; thus, the child's DNA will have overlapping fragments with the true father.

• A. Male #1
• B. Male #2
• C. Male #3
• D. Male #4
• E. Male #5
• F. Male #6
• G. Male #7
• H. Male #8
• I. Male #9

Check Answer

 

RFLP Paternity Testing (MEDIUM, 5 Males)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show RFLP Paternity Testing (MEDIUM, 5 Males) example problem

The Question

Who is the father of the child?

Mother

Child

Male 1

Male 2

Male 3

Male 4

Male 5

Background

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) is a molecular biology technique used to distinguish between closely related DNA samples. It's commonly employed in paternity tests, among other applications.

Disclaimer

In actual diagnostic processes, the results of RFLP for confirming paternity are often cited to provide a 99.9% accuracy level or higher. However, no test is foolproof. Legal confirmation may involve additional procedures and evaluations to ensure the integrity and admissibility of the test.

Instructions

Use the provided DNA gel profile to determine paternity. Each band in the gel corresponds to a DNA fragment. Fragments are inherited; thus, the child's DNA will have overlapping fragments with the true father.

• A. Male #1
• B. Male #2
• C. Male #3
• D. Male #4
• E. Male #5

Check Answer

 

RFLP Forensic DNA Analysis (EASY, 4 Suspects)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show RFLP Forensic DNA Analysis (EASY, 4 Suspects) example problem

The Question

Which suspect left blood at the crime scene?

Victim

Blood

Suspect #1

Suspect #2

Suspect #3

Suspect #4

Background

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) is a molecular biology method used to differentiate between closely related DNA samples. It is often used in forensic investigations.

Disclaimer

In adherence to the principles of due process, all individuals in this exercise shall be presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.

Instructions

Examine the provided DNA gel profile to identify which suspect is responsible for leaving the blood sample. Each band in the gel signifies a DNA fragment. The killer's DNA will match with the blood sample found at the crime scene.

• A. Suspect #1
• B. Suspect #2
• C. Suspect #3
• D. Suspect #4

Check Answer

 

RFLP Forensic DNA Analysis (HARD, 9 Suspects)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show RFLP Forensic DNA Analysis (HARD, 9 Suspects) example problem

The Question

Which suspect left blood at the crime scene?

Victim

Blood

Suspect #1

Suspect #2

Suspect #3

Suspect #4

Suspect #5

Suspect #6

Suspect #7

Suspect #8

Suspect #9

Background

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) is a molecular biology method used to differentiate between closely related DNA samples. It is often used in forensic investigations.

Disclaimer

In adherence to the principles of due process, all individuals in this exercise shall be presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.

Instructions

Examine the provided DNA gel profile to identify which suspect is responsible for leaving the blood sample. Each band in the gel signifies a DNA fragment. The killer's DNA will match with the blood sample found at the crime scene.

• A. Suspect #1
• B. Suspect #2
• C. Suspect #3
• D. Suspect #4
• E. Suspect #5
• F. Suspect #6
• G. Suspect #7
• H. Suspect #8
• I. Suspect #9

Check Answer

 

RFLP Forensic DNA Analysis (MEDIUM, 5 Suspects)

Blackboard Learn TXT Blackboard Ultra QTI v2.1 Canvas/ADAPT QTI v1.2 Human-Readable TXT

Click to show RFLP Forensic DNA Analysis (MEDIUM, 5 Suspects) example problem

The Question

Which suspect left blood at the crime scene?

Victim

Blood

Suspect #1

Suspect #2

Suspect #3

Suspect #4

Suspect #5

Background

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) is a molecular biology method used to differentiate between closely related DNA samples. It is often used in forensic investigations.

Disclaimer

In adherence to the principles of due process, all individuals in this exercise shall be presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.

Instructions

Examine the provided DNA gel profile to identify which suspect is responsible for leaving the blood sample. Each band in the gel signifies a DNA fragment. The killer's DNA will match with the blood sample found at the crime scene.

• A. Suspect #1
• B. Suspect #2
• C. Suspect #3
• D. Suspect #4
• E. Suspect #5

Check Answer